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Questions and Answers
What was the main aim of the work described in the text?
What was the main aim of the work described in the text?
What were the core and coating layers of the PAL CC tablets comprised of?
What were the core and coating layers of the PAL CC tablets comprised of?
What was the fraction of HPC and HPMC used in the formulation of PAL CC tablets that achieved good ascending drug release?
What was the fraction of HPC and HPMC used in the formulation of PAL CC tablets that achieved good ascending drug release?
What was the influence of Eudragit RL-PO on the formulation of PAL CC tablets?
What was the influence of Eudragit RL-PO on the formulation of PAL CC tablets?
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What was the drug release mechanism for the PAL CC tablets as per the text?
What was the drug release mechanism for the PAL CC tablets as per the text?
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What was investigated using gravi- metric analysis in relation to the PAL CC tablets?
What was investigated using gravi- metric analysis in relation to the PAL CC tablets?
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What is the main manifestation of schizophrenia, as described in the text?
What is the main manifestation of schizophrenia, as described in the text?
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What are the characteristics of paliperidone extended-release (ER) according to the text?
What are the characteristics of paliperidone extended-release (ER) according to the text?
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What technology is utilized in the production of paliperidone extended-release (ER) tablets?
What technology is utilized in the production of paliperidone extended-release (ER) tablets?
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What is the FDA approval status for paliperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia?
What is the FDA approval status for paliperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia?
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What do traditional antipsychotic drugs mainly suffer from, as per the text?
What do traditional antipsychotic drugs mainly suffer from, as per the text?
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What is the overall trend in the incidence and suicide rate related to schizophrenia?
What is the overall trend in the incidence and suicide rate related to schizophrenia?
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What is the driving force to control drug release in the osmotic pump process?
What is the driving force to control drug release in the osmotic pump process?
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What determines the rate of water absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract?
What determines the rate of water absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract?
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What causes ascending release in the osmotic pump process?
What causes ascending release in the osmotic pump process?
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What is NOT influenced by the pH according to the text?
What is NOT influenced by the pH according to the text?
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Which factor leads to controlled and prolonged treatment window according to the text?
Which factor leads to controlled and prolonged treatment window according to the text?
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What determines the thickness and composition of the membrane in the gastrointestinal tract?
What determines the thickness and composition of the membrane in the gastrointestinal tract?
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What is discharged through the pores by the expanded bottom layer in the osmotic pump process?
What is discharged through the pores by the expanded bottom layer in the osmotic pump process?
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What is one of the drawbacks of the osmotic pump process mentioned in the text?
What is one of the drawbacks of the osmotic pump process mentioned in the text?
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What results in a complex, high cost, time-consuming process according to the text?
What results in a complex, high cost, time-consuming process according to the text?
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Study Notes
Objective of the Study
- The main aim was to develop controlled-release tablets of paliperidone (PAL CC) using an osmotic pump-based system.
Composition of PAL CC Tablets
- Core layer comprised of paliperidone and lactose
- Coating layer comprised of HPC and HPMC
Formulation of PAL CC Tablets
- A fraction of 70:30 (HPC:HPMC) achieved good ascending drug release
Influence of Eudragit RL-PO
- It helped to control the release of paliperidone from the PAL CC tablets
Drug Release Mechanism
- Osmotic pump process, where water is absorbed into the tablet, causing the drug to be released through the pores
Gravimetric Analysis
- Used to investigate the water uptake and swelling behavior of the PAL CC tablets
Schizophrenia
- Main manifestation: a complex, debilitating mental disorder characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking
Paliperidone Extended-Release (ER)
- Characteristics: an atypical antipsychotic drug, effective in treating schizophrenia, with a prolonged treatment window
- Technology utilized: osmotic pump-based system
FDA Approval
- Paliperidone is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia
Limitations of Traditional Antipsychotic Drugs
- Mainly suffer from limited efficacy, poor tolerability, and a high risk of side effects
Incidence and Suicide Rate of Schizophrenia
- The incidence and suicide rate are increasing, making it a significant public health concern
Osmotic Pump Process
- Driving force: osmotic pressure
- Rate of water absorption: determined by the gastrointestinal tract
- Ascending release: caused by the increasing pressure in the tablet
- pH-independent: the drug release is not influenced by the pH
Controlled and Prolonged Treatment Window
- Determined by the thickness and composition of the membrane, which is influenced by the HPC and HPMC fractions
Osmotic Pump Process Mechanism
- The expanded bottom layer discharges the drug through the pores
- One drawback: the process can result in a complex, high-cost, time-consuming process
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Description
Test your knowledge on the preparation, release behavior, and mechanisms of ascending release compression-coated (CC) tablets with paliperidone (PAL) and the materials involved in the manufacturing process.