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Questions and Answers
What is the highest peak in the Karakoram Range?
What is the highest peak in the Karakoram Range?
The western mountains of Pakistan include the Himalayas.
The western mountains of Pakistan include the Himalayas.
False
Name one glacier located in the Karakoram Range.
Name one glacier located in the Karakoram Range.
Siachen
The average altitude of the Karakoram Range is about _____ meters.
The average altitude of the Karakoram Range is about _____ meters.
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Match the following features with their descriptions:
Match the following features with their descriptions:
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What type of climate is found in the Karakoram Range during winters?
What type of climate is found in the Karakoram Range during winters?
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The main source of drainage in the Karakoram Range includes river Gilgit.
The main source of drainage in the Karakoram Range includes river Gilgit.
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What are the two main forms of precipitation in the Karakoram Range?
What are the two main forms of precipitation in the Karakoram Range?
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Which pass is NOT mentioned as being located in the northern mountains?
Which pass is NOT mentioned as being located in the northern mountains?
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The winters in the northern mountains are mild and short.
The winters in the northern mountains are mild and short.
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What is the main source of irrigation and power generation in the northern mountains?
What is the main source of irrigation and power generation in the northern mountains?
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The two main rivers contributing to drainage in the northern mountains are river Swat and river ___.
The two main rivers contributing to drainage in the northern mountains are river Swat and river ___.
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Match the following glaciers with their locations:
Match the following glaciers with their locations:
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Which of the following crops is NOT mentioned as being grown in the northern mountains?
Which of the following crops is NOT mentioned as being grown in the northern mountains?
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Transhumance is practiced only in low-altitude areas of the northern mountains.
Transhumance is practiced only in low-altitude areas of the northern mountains.
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What effect does the melting of snow have on the rivers in the northern mountains?
What effect does the melting of snow have on the rivers in the northern mountains?
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What is the height of the Rohri Cuesta?
What is the height of the Rohri Cuesta?
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The Thar Desert is located in the northern region of Pakistan.
The Thar Desert is located in the northern region of Pakistan.
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Name one of the main features of the desert areas in Pakistan.
Name one of the main features of the desert areas in Pakistan.
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The Kharan desert is located in ______ Pakistan.
The Kharan desert is located in ______ Pakistan.
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Match the following deserts with their locations:
Match the following deserts with their locations:
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Which term refers to a flat land with fertile soils used for farming?
Which term refers to a flat land with fertile soils used for farming?
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Scanty rainfall and an extremely low water table characterize the desert areas in Pakistan.
Scanty rainfall and an extremely low water table characterize the desert areas in Pakistan.
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What is 'Karez' and its purpose?
What is 'Karez' and its purpose?
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Which of the following statements is true about old flood plain areas?
Which of the following statements is true about old flood plain areas?
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Alluvial terraces are considered ideal for agriculture without irrigation facilities.
Alluvial terraces are considered ideal for agriculture without irrigation facilities.
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What are bars in the context of alluvial terraces?
What are bars in the context of alluvial terraces?
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Piedmont plains are located at the foot hills of the _____ mountains.
Piedmont plains are located at the foot hills of the _____ mountains.
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What is a key feature of a tidal delta?
What is a key feature of a tidal delta?
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Match the following Doabs with their respective rivers:
Match the following Doabs with their respective rivers:
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The most dominant features of piedmont plains are alluvial fans.
The most dominant features of piedmont plains are alluvial fans.
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What are cuchers and how do they relate to the geography described?
What are cuchers and how do they relate to the geography described?
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What is the height of Safed Koh?
What is the height of Safed Koh?
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The Waziristan hills are between the River Kurram and the River Indus.
The Waziristan hills are between the River Kurram and the River Indus.
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Name one of the towns located in the Waziristan hills.
Name one of the towns located in the Waziristan hills.
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The peaks of Safed Koh are often covered with _______.
The peaks of Safed Koh are often covered with _______.
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Which river is NOT mentioned as part of the drainage in the described mountain areas?
Which river is NOT mentioned as part of the drainage in the described mountain areas?
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Match each mountain feature with its description:
Match each mountain feature with its description:
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The climate of the upper Indus plain does not go below freezing point.
The climate of the upper Indus plain does not go below freezing point.
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What primary function do melting snow and rivers perform in the mountainous regions?
What primary function do melting snow and rivers perform in the mountainous regions?
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Which of the following lakes are salt lakes?
Which of the following lakes are salt lakes?
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The main sources of drainage in the Potwar Plateau are River Chenab and River Ravi.
The main sources of drainage in the Potwar Plateau are River Chenab and River Ravi.
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Name one of the prominent hill ranges in the Potwar Plateau.
Name one of the prominent hill ranges in the Potwar Plateau.
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The active flood plain is locally called the ______ land.
The active flood plain is locally called the ______ land.
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Match each feature with its corresponding description:
Match each feature with its corresponding description:
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Which of the following statements is true about the Indus Plain?
Which of the following statements is true about the Indus Plain?
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The urban areas in the Potwar Plateau exhibit low population density.
The urban areas in the Potwar Plateau exhibit low population density.
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How wide is the active flood plain of the Indus River?
How wide is the active flood plain of the Indus River?
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Study Notes
Pakistan: The Natural Topography
- Topography is the study of land surface features
- Pakistan's terrain is divided into six major natural areas
- Northern mountains (Himalayas, Hindukush, Karakorum)
- Western mountains (Safedkoh, Waziristan, Suleiman, Kirthar ranges)
- Baluchistan plateau
- Potwar plateau and Salt ranges
- Indus plain
- Desert areas (Kharan, Thar, Thal deserts)
Karakorum Range
- Average altitude approximately 6000 meters
- Composed of rock and ice
- Extends for over 400 kilometers
- Features steep-sided peaks, valleys, gorges, cliffs, and gullies
- Experiencing cold winters and mild summers
- Glacier systems (Siachen, Biafo, Baltoro, Batura, Hispar) are prominent.
- Important passes (Khunjerab and Karakoram) are located here
- Rivers Shyok and Gilgit are the primary drainage channels
- Glacier melt contributes to water tables.
- River flow is rapid in upper reaches.
Himalayan Range
- Situated south of the Karakorum Range
- Extends east to west
- Includes Nanga Parbat, the highest peak in the area.
- Features steep slopes and deep valleys
- Experience extreme cold winters and short mild summers.
- Precipitation is predominantly snowfall at higher altitudes.
- River Indus and River Chenab are important drainage channels
- Significant melting of snow contributes to the water table.
- River flow is rapid in the upper reaches.
Hindukush Range
- Situated northwest of the Karakoram Range
- Situated at the border of Afghanistan and China
- Highest peak is TirichMir
- Includes significant areas in Afghanistan
- Includes river systems like river Kabul and kurram
- Experience extreme cold winters and short mild summers.
- Prominent peaks and steep slopes
Siwaliks
- Located near Attock
- Situated at the foothills of the Himalayas
- Heights range from 600 to 1200 meters
- Characterized by rolling hills
Lesser Himalayas
- Ranges from 1800 to 4500 meters
- Includes notable locations like Murree, Nathia Gali, and Gora Gali
Central Himalayas
- Located between Pir Panjal and Karakoram ranges
- Heights from 5000-8126 meters
- Notable peaks are Nanga Parbat and Rakhiot
Waziristan Hills
- Located between the River Kurram and River Gomal
- Ranges up to 3513 meters in elevation
- Features prominent passes such as Tochi and Gomal
- Known to be an important military center
- Characterized by cold winters and mild to hot summers
- Drainage features are River Kabul and River Kurram, and the Warsak dam.
Sulaiman & Kirthar Ranges
- Located west of the Indus River
- Includes Takht-e-Sulaiman, a prominent peak, at over 3500 meters
- Joins with the Kirthar Range to the south
- Composed of limestone and sandstone
- River Kurram is a significant drainage source
Baluchistan Plateau
- Located in southwest Pakistan
- Altitude ranges from 600 to 3010 meters
- Composed of irregular depressions such as Zhob and Loralai basins
- Contains the Quetta valley, an important area
- Experiences minimal precipitation
- Rivers including Hab, Porali, and Hingol drain into the Arabian Sea.
Potwar Plateau & Salt Range
- Located south of Islamabad between the Indus and Jhelum rivers
- Altitude ranges from 300 to 600 meters
- Features limestone ridges, salt, coal, and oil mines, and ravines.
- Significant lakes include Kalar-Kahar and Khabaki
- Features prominent hill ranges.
- River Jhelum and River Soan are major drainage channels
Indus Plain
- Formed by the Indus River and its tributaries
- Covers most of Punjab and parts of Sindh
- Upper plain called Upper Indus Plain
- Lower plain called Lower Indus Plain
- Narrow strips of actively inundated land
- Often with fertile soil from river deposits.
- Features various landforms such as alluvial bars, meanders and old floodplains.
Deserts
- Three main regions include the Cholistan, Thar, and Kharan
- Characterized by limited vegetation and very low water tables
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Description
Explore the diverse natural landscapes of Pakistan, including its major mountain ranges such as the Himalayas, Hindukush, and Karakorum. This quiz covers the distinct areas comprising the northern mountains, plateaus, plains, and deserts, highlighting the unique features of each region. Test your knowledge about the geography and topographical characteristics of Pakistan.
