Packaging Materials and Properties Quiz

The arrangement of atoms within a molecule, determining its chemical properties.

The forces that attract molecules to each other, influencing the material's physical properties.

The three-dimensional arrangement of molecules in a material impacting its physical properties.

Changes that involve breaking and forming new chemical bonds, resulting in new substances.

Changes that do not involve breaking or forming new chemical bonds, only altering physical properties.

Organic materials like plastics and paper, known for their lightweight and susceptibility to chemical reactions.

Inorganic materials like glass and metal, known for their durability and resistance to chemical reactions.

A combination of different materials to achieve specific functionalities, like the layers in an aseptic carton.

The amount of energy needed to break a covalent bond between two atoms.

A type of intermolecular force that occurs when a hydrogen atom is bonded to a highly electronegative atom like oxygen or nitrogen.

They have weak intermolecular forces, making them breakable and meltable. Examples are paper and plastic.

They consist of giant molecules with strong bonds, making them rigid and strong. Examples are metals and glass.

Breaking a bond, especially intermolecular bonds, can lead to changes in the material's state, such as melting or breaking apart.

Covalent bonds are generally stronger than other bond types, requiring more energy to break.

The force per unit length acting along the surface of a liquid, which arises from intermolecular interactions between molecules at the gas-liquid or liquid-liquid interface.

Surface tension is reduced compared to other materials, making it difficult to perform operations like printing, laminating, and coating.

Substances that lower the surface tension of liquids, allowing for better wetting and spreading on surfaces.

The arrangement of atoms within a molecule, specifically referring to the spatial orientation of groups along a chain, e.g., in polypropylene the methyl groups can be on the same side, alternate sides, or random.

All methyl groups are on the same side of the polymer chain, leading to a more ordered and crystalline structure.

Methyl groups alternate above and below the polymer chain, resulting in a crystallizable structure.

Methyl groups are randomly positioned along the polymer chain, leading to a less ordered, amorphous structure.

The internal arrangement of a material's molecules, influencing its overall properties. This can be highly ordered (crystalline) or less structured (amorphous).

A chemical reaction where an atom or molecule loses electrons creating a more positive charge. It is always coupled with reduction.

The gaining of electrons by an atom or molecule, leading to a more negative charge. It is always coupled with oxidation.

Chemical reactions involving both oxidation and reduction, where electrons are transferred between atoms or molecules.

A chemical process that releases energy as heat and light. Often used to dispose of organic packaging materials after use.

Using bleaching agents like sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to remove color from packaging materials.

The weakening of the packaging material over time due to oxidation reactions, leading to deterioration. Examples include rusting of metal and the fading of color on packaging.

A method for bleaching pulp with chlorine-free processes, minimizing environmental harm.

The tendency of a packaging material to react with other substances (like oxygen), causing changes in its properties. This can involve oxidation reactions.

The process where materials react with oxygen, often leading to degradation or weakening. This is particularly relevant for plastics and some types of paper.

This refers to how well packaging materials withstand changes caused by exposure to oxygen, heat, or light, affecting their longevity and usefulness.

The ability of a material to resist being burned or decomposing due to heat. This is vital for safety and waste disposal.

How well packaging materials hold up against changes caused by chemical reactions, environmental factors, or prolonged contact with specific substances.

The ability of metals to withstand damage from corrosive agents, such as chemicals and moisture. This is important for items like aluminum cans and tin-plated food containers.

How well a material can resist being dissolved, broken down, or affected by contact with specific chemicals.

A process where the surface of a material becomes worn down or altered due to chemical reactions. This can happen due to exposure to acids or other reactive substances.

When components from a material are transferred into food or another substance through contact. This can sometimes happen when packaging materials are exposed to acidic foods or intense heat.

The deterioration of materials caused by the destructive activity of microbes.

A thin layer of microorganisms attached to a surface, often embedded in a sticky substance.

The breakdown of a material due to exposure to weather conditions, such as sunlight, rain, and wind.

A test that exposes a material to controlled conditions to measure its resistance to chemicals, weathering, etc., by observing changes in weight, shape, or appearance.

The capacity of bacteria to multiply on a surface, especially within biofilms.

Corrosion caused by the activity of microbes, often within biofilms.