Lecture 26 – Enzymes
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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of CTP on aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase)?

  • It increases enzyme activity.
  • It decreases enzyme activity. (correct)
  • It has no effect on enzyme activity.
  • It irreversibly inhibits the enzyme.

How does ATP affect the activity of ATCase?

  • It decreases enzyme activity.
  • It has no effect.
  • It increases enzyme activity. (correct)
  • It irreversibly inhibits the enzyme.

What is the role of the inhibitor PALA in studying ATCase?

  • It enhances substrate binding.
  • It mimics the transition state and acts as a competitive inhibitor. (correct)
  • It denatures the enzyme.
  • It inactivates the enzyme permanently.

In the context of ATCase, what do the R and T states represent?

<p>Relaxed and tense states of the enzyme. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of CTP binding to ATCase?

<p>It stabilizes the T state. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is allosterically regulated by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (FBP)?

<p>Pyruvate kinase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is glyphosate primarily used for in agriculture?

<p>Controlling weeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shikimate pathway?

<p>A pathway for amino acid synthesis in bacteria and plants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does glyphosate affect plants?

<p>It inhibits EPSP synthase. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of engineering crops to be glyphosate resistant?

<p>Reduced herbicide use. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sweetener is produced using bacterial enzymes for starch processing?

<p>High fructose corn syrup (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of glucose oxidase in biosensors?

<p>To catalyze the oxidation of glucose. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using enzymes in the food industry?

<p>They increase the efficiency of food processing. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in cheese making?

<p>Rennet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "chemoenzymatic approach" refer to in sweetener production?

<p>Using enzymes in combination with chemical synthesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of aptamers in biosensors?

<p>They recognize specific analytes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential downside of glyphosate-resistant crops?

<p>Development of herbicide-resistant weeds. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzyme is pyruvate kinase?

<p>Kinase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about allosteric regulation is true?

<p>It involves changes in enzyme conformation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of an enzyme being in the T state?

<p>Low activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of a competitive inhibitor influence Km

<p>It increases Km (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the CP4 EPSPS enzyme in glyphosate-resistant crops?

<p>It is resistant to glyphosate inhibition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of aspartame in the food industry?

<p>Sweetener (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway is targeted by glyphosate to inhibit plant growth?

<p>Shikimate pathway (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for nerve agents like diisopropylphosphofluoridate (DIPF)?

<p>They irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using enzymes in biosensors?

<p>They provide high selectivity and specificity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of enzyme is amylase, which is used in the production of high fructose corn syrup?

<p>Carbohydrase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "enzyme commercialization" refer to?

<p>The use of enzymes in industrial applications (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of allosteric enzymes?

<p>Their activity is regulated by effector molecules. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of antibiotics that target the shikimate pathway?

<p>They inhibit essential nutrient production in bacteria and plants. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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