Lecture 26 – Enzymes
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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of CTP on aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase)?

  • It increases enzyme activity.
  • It decreases enzyme activity. (correct)
  • It has no effect on enzyme activity.
  • It irreversibly inhibits the enzyme.

    • How does ATP affect the activity of ATCase?

  • It decreases enzyme activity.
  • It has no effect.
  • It increases enzyme activity. (correct)
  • It irreversibly inhibits the enzyme.

    • What is the role of the inhibitor PALA in studying ATCase?

  • It enhances substrate binding.
  • It mimics the transition state and acts as a competitive inhibitor. (correct)
  • It denatures the enzyme.
  • It inactivates the enzyme permanently.

    • In the context of ATCase, what do the R and T states represent?

    <p>Relaxed and tense states of the enzyme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of CTP binding to ATCase?

    <p>It stabilizes the T state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is allosterically regulated by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (FBP)?

    <p>Pyruvate kinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is glyphosate primarily used for in agriculture?

    <p>Controlling weeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shikimate pathway?

    <p>A pathway for amino acid synthesis in bacteria and plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does glyphosate affect plants?

    <p>It inhibits EPSP synthase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of engineering crops to be glyphosate resistant?

    <p>Reduced herbicide use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sweetener is produced using bacterial enzymes for starch processing?

    <p>High fructose corn syrup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucose oxidase in biosensors?

    <p>To catalyze the oxidation of glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of using enzymes in the food industry?

    <p>They increase the efficiency of food processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in cheese making?

    <p>Rennet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "chemoenzymatic approach" refer to in sweetener production?

    <p>Using enzymes in combination with chemical synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of aptamers in biosensors?

    <p>They recognize specific analytes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential downside of glyphosate-resistant crops?

    <p>Development of herbicide-resistant weeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of enzyme is pyruvate kinase?

    <p>Kinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about allosteric regulation is true?

    <p>It involves changes in enzyme conformation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of an enzyme being in the T state?

    <p>Low activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the presence of a competitive inhibitor influence Km

    <p>It increases Km</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the CP4 EPSPS enzyme in glyphosate-resistant crops?

    <p>It is resistant to glyphosate inhibition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of aspartame in the food industry?

    <p>Sweetener</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pathway is targeted by glyphosate to inhibit plant growth?

    <p>Shikimate pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action for nerve agents like diisopropylphosphofluoridate (DIPF)?

    <p>They irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using enzymes in biosensors?

    <p>They provide high selectivity and specificity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of enzyme is amylase, which is used in the production of high fructose corn syrup?

    <p>Carbohydrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "enzyme commercialization" refer to?

    <p>The use of enzymes in industrial applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of allosteric enzymes?

    <p>Their activity is regulated by effector molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of antibiotics that target the shikimate pathway?

    <p>They inhibit essential nutrient production in bacteria and plants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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