Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of oxygen therapy?
Which condition is NOT typically indicated for oxygen therapy?
Which methods can be used to assess the need for oxygen therapy?
What type of oxygen concentration characterizes oxygen therapy?
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What is one of the primary goals of administering oxygen therapy to patients?
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What is a critical procedure to follow when administering oxygen therapy?
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Which of the following respiratory changes commonly occur in older adults?
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What condition increases the risk for aspiration in older patients?
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What is a common lung infection that older patients are more susceptible to?
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What respiratory diseases are commonly experienced by older patients?
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What is the normal range for arterial blood pH?
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Which condition indicates the need for pulse oximetry monitoring during a procedure?
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What is a key feature of hypoxemic hypoxia?
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Which sign is NOT typically associated with hypoxia?
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What is the primary stimulus for respiration in many patients with COPD?
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Anemic hypoxia is characterized by which of the following?
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What can be a complication of administering excessive oxygen over time?
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Which flow rate is associated with a nasal cannula delivering oxygen?
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Which of the following situations requires urgent pulse oximetry monitoring?
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What complication is associated with high concentration oxygen administration in COPD patients?
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Which of these can indicate inadequate oxygenation?
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Which of the following devices delivers oxygen at 40-60% concentration?
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What should be monitored closely when administering oxygen to prevent hypoventilation?
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Which oxygen delivery method is most appropriate for non-acute situations or mildly hypoxic patients?
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What principle underlies the risk associated with oxygen therapy equipment?
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Which of the following devices can provide oxygen concentrations ranging from 50-75%?
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What is the first action a nurse should take when considering oxygen therapy for a patient?
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Which of the following is an important nursing responsibility after administering oxygen therapy?
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What should be done to ensure safety when oxygen therapy is being used?
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When preparing the oxygen device, what is the correct order of steps?
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What is the best way to assess the patient's comfort with the oxygen therapy process?
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How should the nursing staff ensure the correct fit of the face mask on the patient?
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What is a key aspect of post-therapy procedures after administering oxygen?
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Which of the following factors should be assessed before initiating oxygen therapy?
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Study Notes
Oxygen Therapy Overview
- Administration of oxygen at concentrations exceeding ambient air levels to improve blood oxygen while easing respiratory effort and myocardial strain.
- Primary purposes include relieving dyspnea, preventing hypoxemia, enhancing tissue oxygenation, and delivering concentrated oxygen.
Indications for Oxygen Therapy
- Used in cases of respiratory distress, shock, pre and post-operative patients, hypoxia, severe trauma, and acute myocardial infarction.
- Assessment of oxygen need via arterial blood gases (ABG), pulse oximetry, and clinical signs.
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) Interpretation
- Normal Ph: 7.35 – 7.45
- Normal PaO2: 80 – 100 mmHg
- Normal PaCO2: 35 – 45 mmHg
- Normal HCO3: 22 – 26 mEq/L
Signs of Hypoxia
- Indicators include tachypnea, dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, alteration in skin color, and decreased oxygen saturation levels.
- Other signs are expiration difficulty, restlessness, anxiety, and the ability to speak in full sentences.
Types of Hypoxia
- Hypoxemic: Reduced arterial PO2 with decreased oxygen content and saturation.
- Circulatory: Inadequate blood flow to tissues despite normal PO2.
- Anemic: Normal arterial PO2 but insufficient hemoglobin for oxygen transport.
- Histotoxic: Sufficient oxygen delivery but cells unable to utilize it.
Complications of Oxygen Therapy
- Oxygen toxicity may occur with prolonged high concentrations; watch for symptoms like substernal discomfort, dyspnea, and malaise.
- Suppression of respiratory drive in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients; high concentrations can lead to hypoventilation.
- Ensure safety as oxygen supports combustion and equipment can harbor bacteria.
Methods of Oxygen Administration
- Oxygen is delivered via cylinders, piped-in systems, or concentrators.
Low Flow Oxygen Devices
- Nasal Cannula: Delivers 23-30% O2 at 1-4 L/min, suitable for non-acute situations.
- Oropharyngeal Catheter: Delivers 23-42% O2 at 1-6 L/min; no tracheostomy needed.
- Face Masks: Varying concentrations—simple masks (40-60% O2 at 6-8 L/min), partial rebreather masks (50-75% O2 at 8-11 L/min).
Nursing Responsibilities
- Evaluate patient's response to therapy, including vital signs, respiratory rate, and pulse oximetry.
- Use interventions to improve oxygenation as needed and assist with positioning.
- Conduct safety measures, hand hygiene, and thorough documentation.
Procedural Steps for Oxygen Therapy
- Determine the need based on physician’s orders, assess vital signs, and review risk factors.
- Set up oxygen equipment carefully, ensuring humidifier and flow meter connections are secure.
- Secure mask fitting, apply regularly, and inspect the patient frequently for conditions and equipment functionality.
Gerontologic Considerations
- Acknowledge age-related changes in the respiratory system, such as muscle weakening and reduced lung volume.
- Aged patients may be more prone to infections and respiratory illnesses like COPD and emphysema.
- Nurses should adapt care that considers these physiological changes to optimize oxygen therapy efficacy.
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Description
This quiz covers the basic concepts of oxygen therapy, including its definition and applications. It also discusses hypoxia and various methods of oxygen administration, emphasizing the responsibilities of nursing professionals. Test your knowledge on the respiratory system and the critical role of oxygen therapy in patient care.
