Oxidation States and Electrolytic Cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the oxidation state of zinc in the reaction with hydrochloric acid?

  • 2 (correct)
  • 1
  • -1
  • 0

    • Which ion is reduced in the reaction of zinc with hydrochloric acid?

  • 200
  • 0.2
  • 2 (correct)
  • 20

    • In the reaction 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O, what happens to the oxidation state of oxygen?

  • -1
  • 2
  • -2 (correct)
  • 0

    • What is the product formed when zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid?

    <p>200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which species remains unchanged in oxidation state during the zinc and hydrochloric acid reaction?

    <p>0.2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of an element in its free state?

    <p>0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of hydrogen in metal hydrides?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the oxidation number of oxygen in peroxides?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group element in the periodic table typically has an oxidation state of +2?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a neutral molecule, what must the algebraic sum of oxidation numbers equal?

    <p>0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a non-electrolyte?

    <p>Substances that do not ionize and do not conduct electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main process occurring in an electrolytic cell?

    <p>Chemical decomposition via electrolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the electrolytic cell is considered the site of oxidation?

    <p>Anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials typically make up an electrolytic cell?

    <p>Electrolyte solution and two electrodes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In an electrolytic cell, what is the role of the cathode?

    <p>It attracts positive ions and is the site of reduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to sodium atoms during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?

    <p>They float on the molten salt and are collected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-cell reaction that occurs at the anode during the electrolysis of molten NaCl?

    <p>2Cl⁻(l) → Cl₂(g) + 2e⁻</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of Nelson's cell serves as the cathode?

    <p>Perforated iron cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall product formed from the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?

    <p>Chlorine gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the asbestos diaphragm in a Nelson's cell?

    <p>To separate the anode from the cathode to avoid mixing products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gas is produced at the anode during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?

    <p>Cl₂ gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the Downs cell, what happens to the Na⁺ ions during electrolysis?

    <p>They are reduced to molten sodium metal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the Nelson's cell acts as the anode?

    <p>Graphite anode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of brine in the Nelson's cell?

    <p>Hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall reaction of the electrolysis of brine?

    <p>2NaCl + 2H₂O → Cl₂ + H₂ + 2Na + 2OH⁻</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary gas produced at the anode in Nelson's cell?

    <p>Chlorine gas (Cl₂)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component separates the anode and cathode compartments in Nelson's cell?

    <p>A diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion is reduced at the cathode during the electrolysis in Nelson's cell?

    <p>Water molecule (H₂O)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall reaction in Nelson's cell when sodium chloride solution is electrolyzed?

    <p>2NaCl(aq) + 2H₂O(l) → H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) + NaOH(aq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the catch basin in Nelson's cell?

    <p>To collect sodium hydroxide solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction is rusting classified as?

    <p>Redox reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region is characterized by the loss of electrons during the rusting process?

    <p>Anodic region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for rusting to occur?

    <p>Presence of water and oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the presence of carbon dioxide in water influence the rusting process?

    <p>It forms carbonic acid which accelerates rusting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to rust over time?

    <p>It continues to allow corrosion and can cause destruction of the iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of removing stains from iron?

    <p>To prevent rusting by eliminating corrosion sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does alloying improve iron's resistance to rusting?

    <p>It creates a homogeneous mixture that is less reactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of galvanizing iron?

    <p>Zinc protects the iron even if the coating is damaged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a method of preventing corrosion through coating?

    <p>Coating with corrosion-resistant metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do modern paints play in preventing rusting?

    <p>They act as a barrier to moisture and air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of metal is typically deposited onto steel in the electroplating process?

    <p>Tin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In electrolytic refining of copper, what is the role of the pure copper plate?

    <p>To serve as the cathode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the oxidation process at the anode during copper refining?

    <p>Copper atoms lose electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electrolyte used in the refining of impure copper?

    <p>Copper sulfate solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the impure copper at the anode during the refining process?

    <p>It transforms into copper(II) ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of electroplating?

    <p>To protect metals from corrosion and enhance appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the electroplating process, what role does the anode serve?

    <p>It is made of the metal to be deposited</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following steps is NOT part of the electroplating process?

    <p>Heating the electrolyte solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electrolyte typically used for silver electroplating?

    <p>Silver nitrate solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to metal ions during electroplating?

    <p>They migrate from the anode to the cathode and deposit on the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

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