Ovulation and Sperm Fertilization Process

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What is the primary function of the acrosome reaction in mammalian sperm?

To increase the motility of the sperm and help them migrate to the egg

To dissolve the egg components and facilitate sperm-egg binding

To release enzymes that break down the zona pellucida of the egg (correct)

To activate CatSper ion channels and induce hyperactivation

Which of the following factors is not essential for successful fertilization in mammals?

Acrosin, an enzyme released during the acrosome reaction

Izumo1, a sperm membrane protein involved in sperm-egg fusion

Sperm-egg binding proteins identified using enzyme inhibitors and antibodies (correct)

CatSper, a calcium ion channel that regulates sperm hyperactivation

What is the role of capacitation in mammalian sperm?

Capacitation increases the motility of the sperm to help them reach the egg

Capacitation activates CatSper channels and induces hyperactivation

Capacitation primes the sperm for the acrosome reaction (correct)

Capacitation is not necessary for fertilization in mammals

What is the role of hyperactivation in mammalian sperm?

Hyperactivation increases the motility of the sperm to help them reach the egg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key factor regulating the acrosome reaction in mammalian sperm?

Progesterone, a steroid hormone released by the cumulus cells surrounding the egg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key factor in the regulation of sperm-egg interaction in mammals?

The zona pellucida, the glycoprotein layer surrounding the egg Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which eggs and spermatozoa interact, achieve mutual recognition, and fuse to create a zygote?

Fertilization Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor related to mammalian fertilization?

Aldosterone hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process where spermatozoa undergo a change in motility patterns to penetrate the zona pellucida?

Hyperactivation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key event during fertilization that involves the release of hydrolytic enzymes for penetration into the egg?

Acrosome reaction Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules has recent work begun to elucidate in terms of essential sperm and egg components for successful fertilization?

Gene-manipulated animals Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the initial fusion of spermatozoa with the zona pellucida of an egg during fertilization?

Perivitelline space penetration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the acrosome reaction in sperm during fertilization?

To release enzymes and proteins that allow the sperm to penetrate and fuse with the egg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cumulus surrounding the ovulated egg?

Zona pellucida proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the zona pellucida surrounding the egg?

To provide a protective barrier for the egg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events is NOT associated with the capacitation process in sperm?

Release of enzymes and proteins from the acrosome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the acrosomal vesicle is correct?

It is surrounded by the outer and inner acrosomal membranes Signup and view all the answers

During the acrosome reaction, which of the following events occurs?

The sperm plasma membrane and the outer acrosomal membrane fuse at multiple sites within the acrosomal cap area Signup and view all the answers