Overview of the Circulatory System
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Questions and Answers

Which layer of a blood vessel contains muscles for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

  • Tunica externa
  • Tunica intima
  • Tunica media (correct)
  • Basal lamina
  • Where are vasa vasorum located more closely to the lumen?

  • Arteries
  • Veins (correct)
  • Venules
  • Arterioles
  • Which type of blood vessel has thicker walls due to higher pressure from pumped blood?

  • Venules
  • Veins
  • Capillaries
  • Arterioles (correct)
  • What is responsible for binding the endothelium to the connective tissue in blood vessels?

    <p>Basal lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of a blood vessel primarily consists of collagenous fibers?

    <p>Tunica externa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of blood vessels have valves to prevent backflow due to low pressure?

    <p>Venules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor affecting blood flow and the quickest variable to change blood pressure?

    <p>Vessel diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the most noticeable slowdown of blood flow observed according to the text?

    <p>At the artery to arteriole junction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water when blood volume drops?

    <p>Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is involved in stimulating hematopoiesis?

    <p>Erythropoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Angiotensin 2 primarily cause in the body?

    <p>Increased vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following responses to a decrease in blood flow may result in increasing blood pressure?

    <p>Venoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the release of Aldosterone in the body?

    <p>Increased angiotensin 2 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Autoregulation of Perfusion' refers to:

    <p>'Self-regulation' of blood flow by local chemical signaling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Myogenic response' in arterioles involves:

    <p>'Self-regulation' based on blood flow needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Hypovolemic shock' is often caused by what condition?

    <p>'Sudden loss of blood'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of a metarteriole?

    <p>To regulate blood flow to capillary beds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of capillary is known for having leaky walls, allowing larger molecules to pass through?

    <p>Sinusoid capillary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average pressure in arteries known as?

    <p>Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a pulse taken at radial artery or carotid artery?

    <p>To determine a person’s pulse rate and strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) falls below 60 mm Hg?

    <p>Ischemia due to insufficient blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor contributes to an increase in blood pressure?

    <p>Increased arterial stiffer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a precapillary sphincter?

    <p>Control the flow of blood into capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In adults, why does resistance increase in longer vessels?

    <p>More surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are veins affected by shunts or valves?

    <p>To prevent backflow due to low pressure or gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of muscular arteries?

    <p>Facilitate vasoconstriction with more smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

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