Overview of the Circulatory System
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Questions and Answers

Which layer of a blood vessel contains muscles for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?

  • Tunica externa
  • Tunica intima
  • Tunica media (correct)
  • Basal lamina

Where are vasa vasorum located more closely to the lumen?

  • Arteries
  • Veins (correct)
  • Venules
  • Arterioles

Which type of blood vessel has thicker walls due to higher pressure from pumped blood?

  • Venules
  • Veins
  • Capillaries
  • Arterioles (correct)

What is responsible for binding the endothelium to the connective tissue in blood vessels?

<p>Basal lamina (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of a blood vessel primarily consists of collagenous fibers?

<p>Tunica externa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood vessels have valves to prevent backflow due to low pressure?

<p>Venules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor affecting blood flow and the quickest variable to change blood pressure?

<p>Vessel diameter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the most noticeable slowdown of blood flow observed according to the text?

<p>At the artery to arteriole junction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water when blood volume drops?

<p>Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is involved in stimulating hematopoiesis?

<p>Erythropoietin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Angiotensin 2 primarily cause in the body?

<p>Increased vasoconstriction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following responses to a decrease in blood flow may result in increasing blood pressure?

<p>Venoconstriction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the release of Aldosterone in the body?

<p>Increased angiotensin 2 levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Autoregulation of Perfusion' refers to:

<p>'Self-regulation' of blood flow by local chemical signaling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Myogenic response' in arterioles involves:

<p>'Self-regulation' based on blood flow needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Hypovolemic shock' is often caused by what condition?

<p>'Sudden loss of blood' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a metarteriole?

<p>To regulate blood flow to capillary beds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary is known for having leaky walls, allowing larger molecules to pass through?

<p>Sinusoid capillary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average pressure in arteries known as?

<p>Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a pulse taken at radial artery or carotid artery?

<p>To determine a person’s pulse rate and strength (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) falls below 60 mm Hg?

<p>Ischemia due to insufficient blood flow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to an increase in blood pressure?

<p>Increased arterial stiffer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a precapillary sphincter?

<p>Control the flow of blood into capillaries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In adults, why does resistance increase in longer vessels?

<p>More surface area (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are veins affected by shunts or valves?

<p>To prevent backflow due to low pressure or gravity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of muscular arteries?

<p>Facilitate vasoconstriction with more smooth muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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