26 Questions
What is the order of blood flow starting from the aorta?
Arteries, arterioles, capillaries
Why do arteries and arterioles have thicker walls compared to veins?
Due to higher pressure from pumped blood
What are vasa vasorum responsible for?
Supplying nutrients to large blood vessels
What is the function of nervi vasorum?
Control contraction and dilation of blood vessels
Which layer of a blood vessel contains muscles for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?
Tunica media
What is the function of the external elastic membrane in blood vessels?
Separates tunica media from tunica externa
What is the main factor that affects blood pressure the quickest and most noticeably?
Vessel diameter
Where in the circulatory system is the most noticeable slowdown of blood flow?
At the artery to arteriole junction
Which hormone is released by the kidneys in response to decreased blood volume and signals water reabsorption to maintain fluid volume and blood pressure?
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
What molecule is responsible for allowing fluid to move from tissues to capillaries due to osmotic pressure?
Dissolved molecules
What happens during filtration in the capillaries?
Molecules move from high pressure in capillaries to low pressure in tissue
What regulates vascular homeostasis through control of vascular tone in the tunica media?
The nervous system via sympathetic and parasympathetic control
What is the function of the precapillary sphincters?
Allowing blood flow into capillaries
What hormone stimulates hematopoiesis, leading to an increase in blood volume, viscosity, and pressure?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
Which type of capillary is associated with being part of the blood-brain barrier?
Continuous capillary
What is the main cause of hypovolemic shock?
Dehydration
What is the primary function of veins in the circulatory system?
Preventing backflow of blood
Which pump function helps counteract gravity and improve blood flow especially in the legs?
Skeletal muscle pump
What is the main difference between elastic arteries and muscular arteries?
Elastic arteries are found nearer the heart
Which enzyme converts angiotensin 1 into angiotensin 2?
ACE
Which measure is an indicator of ventricular contraction in the cardiovascular system?
Systolic blood pressure
What is the term for a condition characterized by insufficient blood flow and often accompanied by hypoxia?
Ischemia
What is the function of the metarteriole in the circulatory system?
Regulating blood flow to capillary beds
Which factor has a direct impact on vascular resistance in the circulatory system?
Blood viscosity
What is the formula to calculate Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)?
MAP = Systolic BP + Pulse Pressure / 3
What is the role of compliance in maintaining normal blood pressure?
Compliance helps expand compartments due to increases in amount
Test your knowledge on the system of arteries, veins, arterioles, venules, and capillaries that make up the circulatory system. Learn about the differences in structure and function between arteries and veins, and understand the roles they play in the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
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