22 Questions
What is the function of the vasa vasorum in blood vessels?
Supply nutrients to large blood vessels
Where are the nervi vasorum found and what is their function?
In the tunica intima, control contraction and dilation
Why do arteries and arterioles have thicker walls compared to veins and venules?
Higher pressure from pumped blood
Which layer of a blood vessel contains muscles for vasoconstriction and vasodilation?
Tunica media
What is the purpose of the internal elastic membrane in large arteries?
Provide structure while allowing stretch
Where are valves found in blood vessels, and what is their function?
In veins, stop backflow due to low pressure
What is the driving force that moves blood out of the capillaries and into the tissues?
Hydrostatic pressure
Which hormone is released if blood volume drops, signaling the kidneys to reabsorb water to try to maintain fluid volume and blood pressure?
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
What is the primary function of Angiotensin 2 in the body?
Increases vasoconstriction
What is the role of Atrial natriuretic hormone in the body?
Decreases blood pressure
Which mechanism involves local chemical signaling to open or close precapillary sphincters for perfusion regulation?
Autoregulation of Perfusion
What is the common treatment approach for Hypovolemic shock?
Intravenous (IV) fluids administration
What type of capillary is the most common and forms part of the blood-brain barrier?
Continuous capillary
What is the arterial pressure compared to venous pressure in the body?
Arterial pressure is normally much greater than venous pressure
Which vessel has shunts or valves to prevent backflow due to low pressure or gravity?
Veins
What condition is characterized by insufficient blood flow and is often accompanied by hypoxia?
Ischemia
Which part of the blood pressure reading represents the pressure during ventricular relaxation?
Diastolic pressure
What is the formula for calculating Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)?
(Systolic BP + Diastolic BP) / 2
Which vessels have smooth muscle sphincters that regulate blood flow to capillary beds?
Arterioles
'Pulse' refers to the expansion and contraction of which component?
Arteries due to ventricular contraction and relaxation
'Hypovolemia' refers to a condition characterized by:
Low blood volume decreasing blood pressure
'Viscosity' in the context of blood refers to:
'Viscosity' is the fluid thickness, affecting blood flow and pressure
This quiz provides an overview of the circulatory system, including the flow of blood from the aorta to capillaries, and back to the heart through veins and venules. It also covers the differences in structure and function between arteries, arterioles, veins, and venules.
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