Blood Vessels: Arteries and Veins

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What is the layer of a blood vessel that lies next to the lumen?

Tunica Media

Tunica Intima (correct)

Subendothelial Connective Tissue

Tunica Adventitia

What type of cells are found in the tunica media of a blood vessel?

Smooth muscle cells (correct)

Endothelial cells

Epithelial cells

Fibroblasts

Which of the following is NOT a function of endothelial cells?

Providing a smooth surface

Secreting nitric oxide

Contracting to constrict blood vessels (correct)

Secreting collagen

What is the layer of a blood vessel that is usually continuous with the surrounding connective tissue?

Tunica Adventitia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of blood vessels do not have a tunica media?

Capillaries and postcapillary venules Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the tunica media in medium-sized arteries?

Thick and containing elastic fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the valves present in medium-sized veins?

To prevent blood flow from running in opposite direction Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the lumen in medium-sized arteries?

Narrow and regular Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the capillaries in terms of their structure?

Formed of a single layer of endothelial cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of the tunica adventitia in medium-sized veins compared to medium-sized arteries?

It is thicker than the tunica media Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery is responsible for carrying blood from the heart to the capillary network in tissues and organs?

Elastic arteries Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of vasa vasorum in the walls of veins?

Nutrition of the vein cells Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the aorta's histological features primarily consists of circularly oriented layers of smooth muscle cells?

Tunica media Signup and view all the answers

How are arteries classified based on their size and function?

By their elastic properties Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vessel has the thickest tunica adventitia?

Large veins Signup and view all the answers

What type of capillary is characterized by continuous endothelium and continuous basal lamina?

Continuous capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Which type of capillary allows regulated exchange through pores, which are covered by pore diaphragms?

Sinusoidal capillaries Signup and view all the answers

In which type of capillary are the endothelial wall and basal lamina discontinuous, allowing facilitated exchange between blood and surrounding tissues?

Fenestrated capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What protein found in vesicles is related to the contractile process in endothelial cells?

Tropomyosin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types can pericytes differentiate into after injury, participating in the repair process?

Blood vessels and C.T. cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of connective tissue in the body?

To connect and hold tissues together Signup and view all the answers

What type of fibers are composed of the protein collagen?

Collagenic fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of collagen fibrils under electron microscopy?

Thin and having transverse striations Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

To provide elasticity and strength Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of connective tissue in the body's defense mechanism and immunity?

To play a crucial role in defense and immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the ground substance in connective tissue?

Composed of water and polysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Not specified in the text Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers when stained with silver?

They take a black colour Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

To provide a network around the cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the ground substance in connective tissue?

Hyaluronic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ground substance in connective tissue?

To attach cells to fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of orcein stain on reticular fibers?

They take a dark brown colour Signup and view all the answers

What is the component of the ground substance that allows for the exchange of nutrients and oxygen?

Water (tissue fluid) Signup and view all the answers

How are reticular fibers arranged in the body?

In the form of networks Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of hyaluronic acid in the ground substance?

It is a non-sulphated acid mucopolysaccharide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of collagen fibers in connective tissue?

To connect the cells of any tissue together and hold the tissues together Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of collagen fibrils?

They are thin, elongated structures having transverse striations Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

To provide elasticity and strength to the tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of connective tissue in the body?

To connect the cells of any tissue together and hold the tissues together Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of connective tissue?

Ground substance, collagen fibers, and reticular fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of collagen fibers?

They are colorless, elongated, or wavy bundles Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ground substance in connective tissue?

To provide means through which nutrients are transported from capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with silver?

Black Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

To form the framework of the organs Signup and view all the answers

What type of acid mucopolysaccharide is hyaluronic acid?

Non-sulphated Signup and view all the answers

What is the medium through which cells take nutrients and oxygen?

Tissue fluid Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ground substance in transporting nutrients and oxygen?

By diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the component of ground substance that attaches cells to fibers?

Glycoprotein Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in terms of their arrangement?

They are arranged in the form of networks Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with orcein?

Dark brown Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of collagen fibers in connective tissue?

To hold tissues together and in their places Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

They are long, thin, and branching, providing elasticity and strength to the tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of connective tissue in the body's defense mechanism and immunity?

To play a role in defense mechanism and immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of collagen fibers in connective tissue?

Non-branching small fibrils longitudinal arranged Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?

To provide a framework for cells to attach and grow Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of collagen fibers under electron microscopy?

They have transverse striations due to the regular arrangement of the collagen molecule subunits Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main components of connective tissue?

Ground substance, collagen fibers, and reticular fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in terms of their visibility?

They are not visible with H&E stain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ground substance in connective tissue?

To transport nutrients and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What type of acid mucopolysaccharide is found in ground substance?

Non-sulphated acid mucopolysaccharide Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hyaluronic acid in ground substance?

It attaches cells to fibers Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with orcein?

Dark brown Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

To form a network around cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of ground substance in connective tissue?

Hyaluronic acid, sulphated acid mucopolysaccharides, and glycoproteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of water in ground substance?

It is a medium for nutrient and oxygen transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers when stained with H&E?

They are not visible Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ground substance in connective tissue?

To transport nutrients and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the component of ground substance that attaches cells to fibers?

Glycoprotein Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with orcein?

Dark brown Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of connective tissue in the body?

To connect and hold tissues together and provide a means for nutrient transport Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

To provide a network around cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of collagen fibers?

Collagen Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of ground substance in connective tissue?

Hyaluronic acid, sulphated acid mucopolysaccharids, and glycoprotein Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

They provide elasticity and strength to the tissue Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in terms of their arrangement?

They are arranged in a network fashion Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?

To connect and hold cells together Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of collagen fibrils under electron microscopy?

They have transverse striations due to regular, overlapping arrangement of collagen molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with silver?

Black Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the ground substance in connective tissue?

To allow for the exchange of nutrients and oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of connective tissue in the body's defense mechanism and immunity?

To play a role in defense mechanism and immunity Signup and view all the answers

Blood Vessels: Arteries and Veins

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Questions and Answers

What is the layer of a blood vessel that lies next to the lumen?

What type of cells are found in the tunica media of a blood vessel?

Which of the following is NOT a function of endothelial cells?

What is the layer of a blood vessel that is usually continuous with the surrounding connective tissue?

Which type of blood vessels do not have a tunica media?

What is the characteristic of the tunica media in medium-sized arteries?

What is the function of the valves present in medium-sized veins?

What is the characteristic of the lumen in medium-sized arteries?

What is the characteristic of the capillaries in terms of their structure?

What is the distinguishing feature of the tunica adventitia in medium-sized veins compared to medium-sized arteries?

Which type of artery is responsible for carrying blood from the heart to the capillary network in tissues and organs?

What is the main function of vasa vasorum in the walls of veins?

Which layer of the aorta's histological features primarily consists of circularly oriented layers of smooth muscle cells?

How are arteries classified based on their size and function?

Which type of vessel has the thickest tunica adventitia?

What type of capillary is characterized by continuous endothelium and continuous basal lamina?

Which type of capillary allows regulated exchange through pores, which are covered by pore diaphragms?

In which type of capillary are the endothelial wall and basal lamina discontinuous, allowing facilitated exchange between blood and surrounding tissues?

What protein found in vesicles is related to the contractile process in endothelial cells?

Which of the following cell types can pericytes differentiate into after injury, participating in the repair process?

What is the primary function of connective tissue in the body?

What type of fibers are composed of the protein collagen?

What is the characteristic of collagen fibrils under electron microscopy?

What is the function of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

What is the role of connective tissue in the body's defense mechanism and immunity?

What is the composition of the ground substance in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers when stained with silver?

What is the main function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

What is the primary component of the ground substance in connective tissue?

What is the function of the ground substance in connective tissue?

What is the effect of orcein stain on reticular fibers?

What is the component of the ground substance that allows for the exchange of nutrients and oxygen?

How are reticular fibers arranged in the body?

What is the characteristic of hyaluronic acid in the ground substance?

What is the primary function of collagen fibers in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of collagen fibrils?

What is the function of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

What is the role of connective tissue in the body?

What are the three main components of connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of collagen fibers?

What is the function of the ground substance in connective tissue?

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with silver?

What is the function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

What type of acid mucopolysaccharide is hyaluronic acid?

What is the medium through which cells take nutrients and oxygen?

What is the function of ground substance in transporting nutrients and oxygen?

What is the component of ground substance that attaches cells to fibers?

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in terms of their arrangement?

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with orcein?

What is the primary function of collagen fibers in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

What is the role of connective tissue in the body's defense mechanism and immunity?

What is the composition of collagen fibers in connective tissue?

What is the function of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of collagen fibers under electron microscopy?

What are the three main components of connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in terms of their visibility?

What is the primary function of ground substance in connective tissue?

What type of acid mucopolysaccharide is found in ground substance?

What is the role of hyaluronic acid in ground substance?

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with orcein?

What is the function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

What is the composition of ground substance in connective tissue?

What is the role of water in ground substance?

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers when stained with H&E?

What is the primary function of ground substance in connective tissue?

What is the component of ground substance that attaches cells to fibers?

What is the color of reticular fibers when stained with orcein?

What is the main function of connective tissue in the body?

What is the function of reticular fibers in parenchymal organs?

What is the primary component of collagen fibers?

What is the composition of ground substance in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of reticular fibers in terms of their arrangement?

What is the role of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue?

What is the characteristic of collagen fibrils under electron microscopy?