Overview of English, Psychology, and Sociology

Overview: Study of language, literature, and communication.
Key Components:
- Literature: Analysis of poetry, prose, drama.
- Linguistics: Structure, meaning, phonetics, syntax.
- Composition: Writing skills, rhetoric, and argumentation.
Important Figures: Shakespeare, Chaucer, Austen, modern writers.

Overview: Scientific study of mind and behavior.
Key Concepts:
- Cognitive Psychology: Understanding mental processes.
- Developmental Psychology: Human growth and lifespan issues.
- Behavioral Psychology: Study of observable behaviors.
Major Theories: Freud’s psychoanalysis, Skinner’s behaviorism, Piaget’s stages of development.

Overview: Study of society, social relationships, and institutions.
Key Areas:
- Social Structure: Norms, values, roles, and hierarchies.
- Culture: Beliefs, customs, arts of societies.
- Social Change: Impact of technology, globalization, movements.
Important Theorists: Durkheim, Marx, Weber, Goffman.

Overview: Ancient Indo-European language, classical language of India.
Key Aspects:
- Literature: Vedas, Upanishads, epics (Mahabharata, Ramayana).
- Grammar: Complex system with rules for morphology and syntax.
- Philosophy: Influences on Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
Importance: Foundation for many modern Indian languages.

Overview: Study of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
Key Concepts:
- Microeconomics: Behavior of individuals and firms.
- Macroeconomics: Economy-wide phenomena, including inflation and unemployment.
- Market Structures: Perfect competition, monopolies, oligopolies.
Theories: Keynesian economics, classical economics, supply-side economics.

Overview: Study of political systems, behavior, and political activity.
Key Areas:
- Comparative Politics: Study of different political systems.
- International Relations: Interactions between countries, global issues.
- Political Theory: Philosophical foundations of politics.
Important Concepts: Democracy, authoritarianism, political ideologies (liberalism, conservatism, socialism).

Language study encompasses literature, linguistics, and composition.
Literature involves the analysis of various forms, including poetry, prose, and drama, celebrated by figures such as Shakespeare and Austen.
Linguistics examines the structure, meaning, phonetics, and syntax of language, establishing foundational principles of communication.
Composition emphasizes developing writing skills, rhetoric, and effective argumentation techniques.

Scientific exploration of the mind and behavior defines psychology.
Cognitive Psychology dives into mental processes, including perception, memory, and reasoning.
Developmental Psychology focuses on human growth, addressing issues across the lifespan.
Behavioral Psychology investigates observable behaviors, rooted in principles of conditioning and reinforcement.
Major psychological theories include Freud’s psychoanalysis, Skinner’s behaviorism, and Piaget’s developmental stages.

Sociology investigates the structure of society and social relationships.
Social Structure examines norms, values, roles, and hierarchies that shape interactions.
Culture includes the beliefs, customs, and arts prevalent within societies.
Social Change is analyzed through the influences of technology, globalization, and social movements.
Influential theorists include Durkheim, Marx, Weber, and Goffman, each contributing unique perspectives on society.

Sanskrit is an ancient Indo-European language, renowned as a classical language of India.
Literature comprises essential texts like the Vedas, Upanishads, and epic tales such as the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
Grammar is characterized by a complex system governing morphology and syntax, fundamental to linguistic studies.
Philosophy encompasses significant influences on major religions including Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
Sanskrit serves as a cornerstone for many modern Indian languages, impacting cultural and linguistic development.

Economics explores the systems of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
Microeconomics focuses on individual and firm behavior within economic settings.
Macroeconomics analyzes economy-wide phenomena like inflation and unemployment.
Market Structures include classifications such as perfect competition, monopolies, and oligopolies, which define market dynamics.
Notable economic theories include Keynesian economics, classical economics, and supply-side economics, each offering insights into economic policies.

Political Science studies the nature of political systems, behavior, and activities.
Comparative Politics analyzes different political systems to draw lessons and similarities.
International Relations focuses on the interactions between nations and global challenges, such as diplomacy and conflict.
Political Theory addresses the philosophical foundations of governance and political ideology.
Key concepts include democracy, authoritarianism, and various political ideologies like liberalism, conservatism, and socialism.