Overhead Equipment Maintenance Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the ideal height for the crossover contact wire in relation to the main line contact wire?

  • At the same height
  • 5 cm below
  • 5 cm above (correct)
  • 10 cm above

What should be done to ensure the free movement of the Anti Falling Device (ATD)?

  • Avoid any adjustments to the ATD
  • Ensure the ATD is always locked
  • Provide a 100 mm sleeve on the anti falling device rod (correct)
  • Remove the 100 mm sleeve on the rod

Which of the following checks should be performed on damaged Over Head Equipment (OHE) components?

  • Inspect for paint quality
  • Test resistance levels of wires
  • Check insulators and droppers for breakage (correct)
  • Evaluate the aesthetic appearance of components

What is the required force to be ensured during the leveling of the pantograph pan?

<p>78 kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if pantograph strip joints are not smooth?

<p>Ensure they are smoothed out to allow smooth gliding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary cause of pantograph entanglement?

<p>External defects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of OHE failures are attributed to improper adjustments at turnout and crossover?

<p>43% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum height difference required between turnout and main line contact wire?

<p>5 cm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential to avoid dropper failure in the overhead equipment?

<p>Double PG clamps (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked before making adjustments to turnout and crossover locations?

<p>Free movement of ATDs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of 'C' jumpers at cross-over and turn-out points?

<p>To prevent entanglement of pantographs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured regarding the pantograph when moving onto the main line?

<p>The pantograph should not touch the turnout wire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance from the obligatory mast where hogging on M/L contact wire should be addressed by increasing the length of 'B' and adjoining droppers?

<p>10 m (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what height difference should the contact wire height at the obligatory mast between M/L and L/L OHE be maintained?

<p>5 cms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much should the loop line contact wire height be adjusted towards the turn out side as compared to the main line contact wire height?

<p>+3 cms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the potential consequences of improper tensioning of the OHE?

<p>Panto entanglement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What component's malfunction can lead to defects causing panto entanglement?

<p>Auto Tensioning Device (ATD) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended static force that a pantograph should exert on the contact wire?

<p>7 kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary to prevent snapping of the contact wire?

<p>Frequent checks of all joints (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What adjustment should be made when running a tower wagon on M/L in relation to the L/L cross over contact wire?

<p>Panto should not touch the L/L wire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During maintenance, how high should the panto pan be adjusted to ensure static balance?

<p>2.25 m (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the static force exerted by the pantograph is too low?

<p>The pantograph will leave its contact with OHE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of providing a 100 mm sleeve on anti-falling device rods in relation to the ATD?

<p>To prevent sagging of OHE (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to replace worn panto pan strips?

<p>Replace when worn down to 2 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured about the ATD drum to maintain proper OHE tension?

<p>The drum should be in motion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do split pins play in the pantograph?

<p>They help in reducing pantograph defects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured to prevent damage to the panto due to mechanical failures?

<p>Regular inspection and leveling of panto pan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a direct cause of pantograph defects?

<p>Improper loading of cargo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if sharp edges are found on the panto pan strips?

<p>File them down to prevent damage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should static adjustment and counter balancing of the pantograph be performed?

<p>During an In-Service Inspection (IA) schedule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of conducting a liquid dye penetrant test on critical components?

<p>To detect defects in components and reduce failures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured regarding the pantograph pan during inspections?

<p>Its level must be maintained (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which item must be measured to ensure proper functioning of the overhead equipment?

<p>The stagger of the contact wire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to check for hit marks on the pantograph and OHE components?

<p>They help identify potential damage areas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked to assess the condition of OHE fittings?

<p>Cracks and their age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential condition for the pantograph wearing strips?

<p>They must be smooth and properly fastened (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should the mechanical movement of the panto pan ensure?

<p>It is horizontal and free to move vertically (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary regarding split pins in pantographs during inspection?

<p>They must be checked for availability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be inspected to determine the state of broken pantograph components?

<p>The cracks in the components should be checked for freshness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct action during restoration after panto entanglement?

<p>To quickly check pertinent items without delay (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ensuring a 5 cm height difference between the crossover contact wire and the main line contact wire?

<p>It facilitates smooth gliding of the pantograph. (A), It prevents electrical interference between wires. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What maintenance check is essential to identify potential issues with pantograph components before failure occurs?

<p>Red dye penetrant testing of critical components. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which function does the 100 mm sleeve on anti-falling device rods serve in relation to the panto?

<p>It prevents sagging of the anti-falling device. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When inspecting pantograph components after entanglement, which item is crucial for assessing the state of the pantograph pan?

<p>The smoothness of strip joints. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is not directly involved in the proper functioning and maintenance of pantograph wearing strips?

<p>Tracking the lifespan of the grease plate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main preventative measure to avoid pantograph entanglement caused by OHE defects?

<p>Periodic inspections of OHE components for cracks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which measurement is critical before adjusting turnouts and crossovers?

<p>Track separation and obligatory mast placement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are 'C' jumpers specifically recommended at certain distances from masts during crossover adjustments?

<p>To accommodate for wire expansion and movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended height difference between the turnout contact wire and the main line contact wire at obligatory locations?

<p>5 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured about the relationship between the pantograph and the crossover contact wire while moving onto the main line?

<p>The pantograph should not be touching the crossover contact wire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What failure condition is particularly relevant to pantograph entanglement during the adjustment of turnouts?

<p>Improper staggering of the turnout height (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to ensure the worn pantograph wearing strips are functioning correctly?

<p>They should be properly fastened without any bends or grooves. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring the stagger of the contact wire?

<p>To verify compliance with structure erection drawings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may indicate the need for immediate intervention during checks after panto entanglement?

<p>Hit marks observed on the registration arm tube. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What inspection detail is crucial for broken components of the pantograph?

<p>Determining whether the cracks are fresh or old. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What maintenance should be prioritized to prevent panto pan tilting?

<p>Ensuring the panto pan is properly leveled. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component's movement must be checked to ensure effective functioning after panto entanglement?

<p>The bow plunger of the panto pan. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked concerning the availability of split pins during pantograph inspection?

<p>Their presence at all locations must be confirmed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to conduct liquid dye penetrant tests on critical components?

<p>To detect defects and reduce potential failures. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if the steady arm is not freely moving vertically?

<p>Inspect for blockages or mechanical issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical aspect of inspecting the condition of OHE fittings?

<p>Evaluating whether cracks are present. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can hogging on the main line (M/L) contact wire be effectively corrected?

<p>By increasing the length of 'B' and adjoining droppers up to 10 m from the obligatory mast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be the minimum height difference at the obligatory mast between the main line (M/L) and loop line (L/L) overhead equipment (OHE)?

<p>5 cms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of providing a 100 mm sleeve on the anti-falling device rods?

<p>To prevent excessive sagging of the OHE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a maintenance procedure, how much should the loop line contact wire height be adjusted towards the turn-out side compared to the main line contact wire height?

<p>3 cm higher (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the automatic tensioning device (ATD) drum is not moving freely?

<p>OHE tension will remain incorrect, causing sag (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a recognized defect that can lead to pantograph entanglement?

<p>Improper adjustments at crossover and turn-out locations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be frequently checked to prevent snapping of the contact wire in the overhead equipment?

<p>The joints within the running length of the OHE (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an important adjustment related to the height of the contact wire for loop lines during maintenance?

<p>It should be adjusted to +1.5 cms at various points from the mast (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be ensured about the height of the contact wire when taking into account the track level differences?

<p>It should be adjusted for the main line before the obligatory mast (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of improper static force on the overhead equipment (OHE)?

<p>Damage to the contact wire due to sparking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which inspection should the leveling of the panto pan be verified?

<p>Every IA schedule in the maintenance shed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What maintenance practice is essential to prevent potentially damaging vibrations in the pantograph?

<p>Proper lubrication of the plunger (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceptable maximum wear limit for replacing pantograph strips?

<p>2 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken to ensure the integrity of the split pins in the pantograph?

<p>Open them out to a maximum of 60 degrees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be checked for cracks during maintenance of the pantograph?

<p>Critical mechanical parts and the steady link (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the tension of the upspring be adjusted for proper pantograph operation?

<p>To maintain a steady force that the weight of 7 kg holds at 2.25 m height (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can result from broken or missing components such as cracks in the plunger or balancing rod?

<p>Panto entanglement during locomotive operation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical static force range that a pantograph should exert on the contact wire?

<p>7 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is critical to the static adjustment and counterbalancing of the pantograph?

<p>Weight placed on the panto pan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pantograph Entanglement

When a locomotive's pantograph (the part that touches the overhead wire) becomes caught on overhead wires or vice versa.

Overhead Equipment (OHE) Defects

Problems with components of the overhead wire system, such as insulators, droppers, etc.

Turnout/Crossover OHE Failure

Overhead wire imperfections at junctions (turnouts/crossovers) cause a significant percentage of OHE problems.

Turnout/Crossover Height Adjustment

Maintaining a 5 cm height difference between main line and turnout/crossover wires.

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C Jumpers

Essential components for avoiding dropper failures at turnout/crossover locations.

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Obligatory Mast Implantation

Precise measurement of the installation height of obligatory masts associated with turnouts/crossovers.

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Pantograph Free Movement

Ensuring the pantograph moves without obstructions or restrictions on both main and loop lines.

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Adjusting droppers

Modifying the position and height of droppers (A & B) connected to overhead contact wires, based on schedules and distances from the mast. Ensuring proper alignment between main and loop lines.

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Hogging Removal

Reducing the sagging or bending of the main line contact wires by extending the droppers towards the turn-out, increasing their length. Typically at a 10 meter distance.

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Loop Line Contact Wire Height Adjustment

Increasing the height of the loop line contact wire by 3 cm compared to the main line wire at a 10-meter distance from the turn-out side.

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Obligatory Mast Height Difference

Maintaining a minimum height difference of 5 cm between main line and loop line overhead contact wires at the obligatory mast. This prevents wire interference.

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Tower Wagon Pantograph Clearance

Ensuring the tower wagon's pantograph doesn't touch the crossover contact wire while operating on the main line.

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Turnout Contact Wire Clearance

Ensuring a safe gap between the pantograph and turn-out contact wires, usually +/-1.5cm clearance at the obligatory mast and further at 5 and 10 meters.

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Auto Tensioning Device (ATD)

The ATD is a device that maintains the proper tension in the overhead contact wires.

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OHE Joint Maintenance

Regular inspection and maintenance of the joints in the contact wire to prevent snapping, especially in polluted areas. Add a protective covering, or slice if necessary.

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Pantograph Entanglement Causes

Improper adjustment of crossovers/turnouts and malfunctions with the auto tensioning devices (ATDs). Also, OHE component damage.

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Pantograph Defects

Problems with the pantograph, a device that connects a train to overhead power lines, which can cause it to get entangled.

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Spring Box Failures

A common cause of pantograph defects, where the part holding the spring malfunctions, often due to cracks.

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Static Force (Pantograph)

The force the pantograph exerts on the contact wire; typically 7 kg, preventing oscillations and maintaining contact.

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Pantograph Leveling

Ensuring the pantograph's contact arm is level, crucial for proper contact and preventing entanglement.

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Split Pins

Components used in pantograph articulation to reduce defects caused by shifting parts and ensure stability during operation.

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Loco Stop Boards

Safety markers used to prevent locomotives from entering un-wired sections, which can damage pantograph equipment.

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Broken components & pantograph

Cracked pieces, such as the plunger or balancing rod in the pantograph, often cause malfunctions that can lead to entanglement.

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Proper lubrication

Lubricating the plunger part helps dampen vibrations and reduces the potential for cracks.

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Static Adjustment (Pantograph)

The process of adjusting the pantograph's weight and spring tension to maintain a consistent height of 2.25m.

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IA Schedule (Panto)

Inspections and adjustments of the pantograph that are done regularly (maintenance).

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Pantograph Pan Entanglement

A problem where the pantograph pan gets caught or stuck.

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Liquid Dye Penetrant Test

A test performed to detect defects in critical components, like the pantograph.

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Pantograph Pan Leveling

Ensuring the pantograph pan is level to prevent tilting.

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Contact Wire Measurements

Measuring the height and position of contact wire for any damage or misalignment.

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Hit Marks Inspection

Checking for signs of impact on OHE parts, like steady arms, etc.

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OHE Fitting Cracks

Inspecting OHE components for cracks, noting if they are fresh or old damage.

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Pantograph Wearing Strips

Checking the condition, fastening and joints of the pantograph strips for damage.

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Panto Pan Movement

Checking the vertical and horizontal movement of the Pantograph pan, including a bow plunger.

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Split Pin Check

Verifying the availability of split pins at all pantograph locations.

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Broken Pantograph Parts

Inspecting broken pantograph parts, noting if any cracks are new.

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OHE Height Difference

The contact wire at turnouts/crossovers must be 5 cm higher than the main line contact wire to prevent pantograph entanglement.

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ATD Free Movement

The Anti-Falling Device (ATD) at turnouts/crossovers must move freely to prevent sag and ensure safe pantograph operation.

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Damaged OHE Components

Inspect insulators, droppers, and other OHE components for damage to prevent pantograph entanglement.

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Contact Wire Joints

Inspect contact wire joints frequently and splice them when they show signs of wear to ensure smooth pantograph operation.

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OHE Defects

Problems with the overhead contact wire system, like damaged insulators, droppers, or jumpers, which can lead to pantograph entanglement.

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Turnout/Crossover Issues

Misaligned or improperly adjusted overhead wires at junctions (turnouts/crossovers) significantly contribute to pantograph entanglement.

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Pantograph Movement Checks

Regularly checking the pantograph's movement on both main and loop lines to ensure it's free of any obstructions or restrictions.

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Hogging on M/L Contact Wire

The bending or sagging of the main line contact wire due to tension or weight.

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Obligatory Mast

A specific mast structure located at the start of a turnout or crossover section.

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Loop Line Contact Wire Height

The elevation of the contact wire on the loop line, which is raised by 3 cm compared to the main line contact wire at a specific distance from the turnout.

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ATD Function

An Automatic Tensioning Device (ATD) maintains the correct tension in the overhead contact wire.

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Contact Wire Snapping

A breakdown of the contact wire due to weak joints, especially in areas with pollution.

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Crossover and Turnout Adjustment

Adjusting the height and alignment of overhead contact wires at crossovers and turnouts to avoid pantograph entanglement.

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Split Pins (Pantograph)

Components used in the pantograph's articulation arrangement to prevent parts from shifting during operation.

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Proper Lubrication (Pantograph)

Lubricating the plunger helps dampen vibrations and reduces the potential for cracks in the spring box.

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IA Schedule (Pantograph)

Regular inspections and adjustments of the pantograph done during maintenance.

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What causes pantograph entanglement?

Common causes include broken components, improper leveling of the pantograph pan, and defects in the overhead equipment (OHE).

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OHE Component Inspection

Regularly checking the condition of the overhead equipment, including insulators, droppers, and contact wires, for signs of damage.

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Pantograph Pan Movement

Ensuring the pantograph pan can move freely up and down and horizontally without any obstructions.

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Broken Components

Damaged or broken parts of the pantograph, like the plunger or balancing rod, which can lead to entanglement.

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Study Notes

Pantograph Entanglement

  • Pantograph entanglement occurs when a part of the pantograph comes between overhead wires or vice versa, disrupting electric traction traffic
  • Reasons for pantograph entanglement include pantograph defects, overhead line equipment (OHE) defects, and external factors
  • Damaged OHE components (insulators, cantilevers, jumpers, droppers) can foul with the pantograph, leading to entanglement
  • Regularly check OHE components for cracks to prevent entanglement
  • Ensure proper provision of C jumpers and double PG clamps to avoid dropper failures
  • Turnout and crossover adjustments are crucial
  • Incorrect turnout/crossover adjustment (stagger and height) causes pantograph entanglement with overhead wires while moving on a main line
  • Tumout/crossover contact wires should be 5cm above main line wires at obligatory locations
  • Pantograph should not touch the turnout/crossover contact wires while on the main line
  • Turnout and crossover adjustments should adhere to RDSO drawings

Procedure for Adjustment of Turnout and Crossover

  • Before adjustments, verify free movement of Automatic Train Detectors (ATDs) for both main and loop lines
  • Measure the obligatory mast implantation from loop and main line tracks, and adjust turnout as per specified standards

Pantograph Defects

  • Spring box failures are a significant cause of pantograph defects
  • Checking for cracks in the spring box, welding, cylinder supports, and submountings is essential
  • Adequate lubrication of plungers is vital
  • Panto pan strips should be replaced if worn down to 2mm
  • Static force on contact wire prevents oscillations
  • Maintaining a static force of approximately 7kg is crucial
  • Pantograph balancing at an appropriate height (2.25m) should be ensured
  • Proper inspection and maintenance of split pins is mandatory during inspection and pan changes
  • Broken or damaged components, such as plungers, balance rods, and articulation rods, can cause entanglement

Checks after Panto Entanglement

  • Verify height and stagger of contact wires for main lines and crossovers
  • Measure contact wire height and steady arm clamp relative to register arm
  • Check for hit marks on steady arm, registration arm, etc. for signs of damage
  • Ensure proper fastening of pantograph wearing strips
  • Check for cracks or damage in OHE fittings like clamps, suspension brackets and clips
  • Check pantograph wearing strips and ensuring alignment, preventing bends or grooves
  • Inspect the mechanical movement of panto pan to ensure smooth vertical and horizontal movement
  • Verify availability of split pins and proper condition of broken components

Measurement of Pantograph

  • Define specific measurements (A-520, B-1800, C-300, D-380) for panto units as needed

OHE Height

  • Ensure crossover contact wire height is 5cm above main line contact wire
  • Regular checks (every six months) are needed for proper height maintenance

Free Movement of ATD

  • Ensure free movement of ATD (Automatic Tensioning Device) at turnouts and crossovers

Identifying Damaged OHE Components

  • Inspect insulators and droppers for breakage
  • Secure G jumpers with double PG clamps, and provide C jumpers to avoid failures

Contact Wire Joints

  • Visually inspect and splice damaged contact wire joints

Pantograph Wearing Strips

  • Verify fastening, thickness, and grease plate fastening

RDPT of Pantograph Components

  • Perform Red Dye Penetrant Test for any cracks before they cause entanglement

Static Adjustment and Leveling of Panto Pan

  • Maintaining a constant 78kg force and ensuring panto pan leveling

Pantograph Entanglements: Items to be Checked

  • Check pantograph wearing strips
  • Check grease plate fastening
  • Check bow plunger movement
  • Check pantograph pan horizontality and vertical movement
  • Check pantograph connections and other components

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