Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary hormone secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation?
What is the primary hormone secreted by the corpus luteum after ovulation?
In polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), what hormonal imbalance is typically observed?
In polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD), what hormonal imbalance is typically observed?
What leads to the transformation of a residual follicle into a corpus luteum?
What leads to the transformation of a residual follicle into a corpus luteum?
What major complication is associated with high levels of circulating estrone in PCOD?
What major complication is associated with high levels of circulating estrone in PCOD?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes the classic presentation of a patient with PCOD?
Which of the following best describes the classic presentation of a patient with PCOD?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Ovarian Function
- The basic unit of the ovary is the follicle.
- Follicles contain an oocyte surrounded by granulosa and theca cells.
- LH stimulates theca cells to produce androgens.
- FSH stimulates granulosa cells to convert androgens to estradiol.
- Estradiol triggers an LH surge, leading to ovulation.
- Ovulation marks the beginning of the secretory phase.
- After ovulation, the remaining follicle becomes a corpus luteum.
- The corpus luteum primarily secretes progesterone, which prepares the endometrium for pregnancy.
- Hemorrhage into the corpus luteum can form a hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst, especially during early pregnancy.
- Small numbers of follicular cysts are common, having no significant clinical impact.
Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD)
- PCOD: Multiple ovarian cysts caused by hormonal imbalances.
- Affects approximately 5% of reproductive-aged women.
- Characterized by high LH and low FSH (LH:FSH > 2).
- High LH triggers excess androgen production (from theca cells).
- This leads to hirsutism (excess hair in a male pattern).
- Androgens are converted to estrone in adipose tissue.
- High estrone levels decrease FSH and may cause cystic degeneration of follicles.
- High estrone also increases the risk of endometrial cancer.
- Classic symptoms: obese young women, infertility, oligomenorrhea, and hirsutism.
- Some patients with PCOD have insulin resistance, potentially developing type 2 diabetes later (10-15 years).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
This quiz covers the essential aspects of ovarian function, including the role of follicles, hormones like LH and FSH, and the significance of the corpus luteum. It also explores Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD), its prevalence, and hormonal imbalances associated with it. Test your knowledge on these critical topics related to female reproductive health.
