Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a potential risk associated with total thyroidectomy?
What is a potential risk associated with total thyroidectomy?
- Injury to the facial nerve
- Injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerves (correct)
- Hematoma formation in the thigh
- Airway obstruction due to goiter
When dealing with a large goiter that invades the chest, what surgical approach may be necessary?
When dealing with a large goiter that invades the chest, what surgical approach may be necessary?
- Radical neck dissection
- Sternotomy (correct)
- Modified neck dissection
- Bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy
Which statement is true regarding radical neck dissection?
Which statement is true regarding radical neck dissection?
- Only cervical nodes are removed.
- The sternocleidomastoid muscle is always preserved.
- It always requires a tracheostomy.
- Reconstructive surgery may be needed after the procedure. (correct)
What should be closely monitored during the emergence from anesthesia?
What should be closely monitored during the emergence from anesthesia?
What is involved in the modified neck dissection?
What is involved in the modified neck dissection?
What is the primary purpose of the c-shaped rings of cartilage in the airway structure?
What is the primary purpose of the c-shaped rings of cartilage in the airway structure?
Which symptoms may indicate a patient is experiencing long-term effects after facial or neck surgery?
Which symptoms may indicate a patient is experiencing long-term effects after facial or neck surgery?
When is local anaesthetic combined with neurolept recommended in surgical procedures?
When is local anaesthetic combined with neurolept recommended in surgical procedures?
What is the role of epinephrine in nasal surgeries?
What is the role of epinephrine in nasal surgeries?
What is a crucial consideration regarding hair removal in head and neck surgeries?
What is a crucial consideration regarding hair removal in head and neck surgeries?
Why must patients remain immobile during local anaesthetic procedures?
Why must patients remain immobile during local anaesthetic procedures?
Which assessment is NOT typically included in pre-operative respiratory evaluations?
Which assessment is NOT typically included in pre-operative respiratory evaluations?
What might be a concern with patients undergoing reconstructive surgery of the face or neck?
What might be a concern with patients undergoing reconstructive surgery of the face or neck?
What is an important pre-operative nursing assessment related to swallowing?
What is an important pre-operative nursing assessment related to swallowing?
What type of anaesthesia may be used for patients based on their health conditions?
What type of anaesthesia may be used for patients based on their health conditions?
Which part of the ear is primarily responsible for maintaining equilibrium?
Which part of the ear is primarily responsible for maintaining equilibrium?
What is the function of cerumen in the external auditory canal?
What is the function of cerumen in the external auditory canal?
How do the ossicles in the middle ear contribute to hearing?
How do the ossicles in the middle ear contribute to hearing?
Which structure communicates the middle ear with the pharynx?
Which structure communicates the middle ear with the pharynx?
What anatomical structure is responsible for hearing in the inner ear?
What anatomical structure is responsible for hearing in the inner ear?
What type of infection can spread from the pharynx to the middle ear?
What type of infection can spread from the pharynx to the middle ear?
Which part of the ear is primarily involved with conducting sound to the inner ear?
Which part of the ear is primarily involved with conducting sound to the inner ear?
Which bony structure within the inner ear resembles a snail shell?
Which bony structure within the inner ear resembles a snail shell?
What is the primary purpose of myringotomy?
What is the primary purpose of myringotomy?
Which type of mastoidectomy involves the complete removal of mastoid air cells?
Which type of mastoidectomy involves the complete removal of mastoid air cells?
What is a common postoperative care for tympanoplasty?
What is a common postoperative care for tympanoplasty?
What is essential to monitor during a mastoidectomy to prevent complications?
What is essential to monitor during a mastoidectomy to prevent complications?
Which surgical approach can be utilized for mastoidectomy?
Which surgical approach can be utilized for mastoidectomy?
What postoperative instruction is crucial after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)?
What postoperative instruction is crucial after Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)?
What is a key component of cochlear implantation surgery?
What is a key component of cochlear implantation surgery?
Which of the following is a commonly used agent for visualization during FESS?
Which of the following is a commonly used agent for visualization during FESS?
What can be a source of grafting material in tympanoplasty?
What can be a source of grafting material in tympanoplasty?
What major type of hearing loss is addressed by cochlear implantation?
What major type of hearing loss is addressed by cochlear implantation?
Which instrument is specifically designed to grasp tonsils during head and neck surgeries?
Which instrument is specifically designed to grasp tonsils during head and neck surgeries?
What type of microscope is used to provide illumination and magnification during complex ENT procedures?
What type of microscope is used to provide illumination and magnification during complex ENT procedures?
Which power tool is utilized in otologic surgeries for working with bones?
Which power tool is utilized in otologic surgeries for working with bones?
What is the primary purpose of forced-air warming blankets in surgery?
What is the primary purpose of forced-air warming blankets in surgery?
Which of the following items requires a specific drape to prevent contamination during surgery?
Which of the following items requires a specific drape to prevent contamination during surgery?
What role does a sterile nerve stimulator play during a surgical procedure?
What role does a sterile nerve stimulator play during a surgical procedure?
During surgical procedures, which item is used for the vaporization of scar tissue without damaging surrounding tissue?
During surgical procedures, which item is used for the vaporization of scar tissue without damaging surrounding tissue?
What procedural count is required for most head and neck surgeries?
What procedural count is required for most head and neck surgeries?
Which instrument is specifically designed for functionality in both minor and major surgeries in the head and neck area?
Which instrument is specifically designed for functionality in both minor and major surgeries in the head and neck area?
Which item should be placed in the safe mode during its exchange between the surgeon and scrub nurse?
Which item should be placed in the safe mode during its exchange between the surgeon and scrub nurse?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Anatomy of the Ear, Nose, and Throat
- Otorhinolaryngology encompasses the study of the ear (oto), nose (rhino), and throat (laryngo).
- The ear consists of three parts: external, middle, and inner ear, critical for hearing and balance.
- The external ear includes the auricle and external auditory canal, filtering sound waves with cerumen (earwax).
- The middle ear houses three ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) that amplify sound; its infection risk is heightened due to connection with the pharynx through the Eustachian tube.
- The inner ear contains hair cell receptors for hearing and balance, structured as a bony labyrinth with the cochlea and vestibular labyrinth.
Perioperative Nursing Considerations
- Pre-operative assessment includes evaluating respiratory status, nutritional status, and facial symmetry.
- Patients may face long-term issues such as hearing loss, facial numbness, and changes in body image.
- Local anaesthesia is used in short procedures; general anaesthesia may be necessary based on health or surgery type.
- For nasal surgeries, the nasal cavity is packed with vasoconstrictor solution and anaesthetics; coughing during laryngeal surgery may be managed with topical lidocaine.
Surgical Preparation
- Hair removal is performed only if necessary for access to the surgical field, using clippers for safety.
- Essential instruments include various forceps, retractors, and hemostats; the surgical team must ensure a minor count before and after procedures.
- The OR requires equipment like bipolar and monopolar cautery, suction, microscopes for detailed procedures, and forced-air warming blankets to avoid hypothermia.
Otologic Surgeries
- Myringotomy involves making an incision in the tympanic membrane; tubes are placed temporarily to allow drainage.
- Mastoidectomy removes mastoid air cells to treat cholesteatoma, requiring careful monitoring of facial nerves.
- Tympanoplasty repairs the tympanic membrane and ossicles, using grafts from the patient's ear.
- Cochlear implantation places a device directly in the cochlea for patients with severe hearing loss, necessitating post-operative auditory training.
Rhinologic Surgeries
- Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) utilizes endoscopy for treating sinus issues, focusing on drainage and tissue resection.
- Post-operative care includes nasal packing and instruction to breathe through the mouth.
- Thyroidectomies, potentially extensive depending on the severity of conditions like goiters, may necessitate major counts and vigilance against nerve injury.
- Parotidectomy involves the removal of parotid glands, with risks similar to those in neck dissections.
Neck Surgeries
- Radical neck dissection entails removing malignant tissues and potentially necessitating reconstructive surgery.
- Different dissection types preserve critical anatomical structures, affecting surgical strategy and complications.
- Tracheostomy is performed for airway access in emergencies or as part of planned surgeries.
General Surgical Interventions
- Continuous monitoring of patient status, especially during anaesthesia emergence, is vital to prevent complications such as hematomas.
- Surgical interventions can lead to significant quality-of-life changes due to potential postoperative impairments.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
