Otorhinolaryngologic Surgery Concepts

Podcast Beta

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the wax produced in the ear canal?

Cerumen (correct)

Sebum

Collagen

Mucus

What is the term for creating a surgical opening into the TM?

Myringotomy

Which is not an ossicle in the middle ear?

Cochlea (correct)

Stapes

Malleus

Incus

Which cranial nerve may be damaged by cholesteatoma?

Seventh (VII) Signup and view all the answers

Walters, Caldwell, lateral and submental are used to establish?

Sinus cavities Signup and view all the answers

What tissue type are palatine tonsils?

Lymphoid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of tonsil tissue?

Laryngeal Signup and view all the answers

Which are tonsils but referred to as adenoids and atrophy with age?

Pharyngeal Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure would the surgical tech need to have a spreader and hook for use?

Tracheotomy Signup and view all the answers

A TMJ decompression is performed in which anatomical area?

Lateral jaw Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure is performed for sleep apnea?

UPPP Signup and view all the answers

Which structure has stones in the parotid gland?

Steno's duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the double action cupped forward angle forceps used to resect portions of the nasal septum?

Jansen-Middleton Signup and view all the answers

Topical cocaine 4% is used in nasal surgery for?

Anesthesia Signup and view all the answers

Antrostomy rasps are used in procedures involving which anatomical structures?

Facial sinuses Signup and view all the answers

Which descriptions of laryngeal cartilage is correct?

Individual and elastic Signup and view all the answers

Which laryngeal cartilage is commonly known as the Adam's apple?

Thyroid Signup and view all the answers

A procedure performed in ICU, ER or PACU?

Tracheotomy Signup and view all the answers

Name of long thin tipped, pistol grip type, hand forceps used in nasal procedures?

Takahashi Signup and view all the answers

Which cranial nerve carries info from equilibrium to cerebral cortex?

Eighth (VIII) Signup and view all the answers

Which procedures require use of a microscope?

Stapedectomy Signup and view all the answers

How should micro ear instruments be cleaned intraoperatively?

With a micro-wipe sponge Signup and view all the answers

Baron, Frazier and House are?

Suction Signup and view all the answers

Which gas can cause expansion of the middle and is contraindicated in tympanic surgery?

Nitrous oxide Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most commonly used autograft in otologic procedures?

Temporalis fascia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study would be used to diagnose sleep apnea?

Polysomnography Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure would be done for excision of cholesteatoma?

Mastoidectomy Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument is used to measure incus to stapes footplate?

Depth gauge Signup and view all the answers

Which name is common to knives, needles, picks and suction in otologic procedures?

Rosen Signup and view all the answers

Which is not a compartment of the labyrinth of the inner ear?

Sphenoid sinus Signup and view all the answers

In which instrument tray would you find a Ballenger swivel knife, Cottle elevator and Takahashi forceps?

SMR Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the sharp tipped handheld retractor that can be either single or double and often found in nasal trays?

Joseph Signup and view all the answers

An otorhinolaryngologist is more commonly known as which type of specialist?

ENT Signup and view all the answers

Which laser is used in procedures involving the stapes and middle ear?

Argon Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanical action of a drill attachment is most commonly used in otologic procedures?

Rotary Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure that separates the outer and middle ear canals from one another?

Tympanic membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the tympanic membrane is fibrous, largest and where drainage tubes are inserted?

Pars tensa Signup and view all the answers

In myringotomy procedures, what does PE stand for?

Pressure equalizing Signup and view all the answers

What chronically occurring condition is often the reason for placement of myringotomy tubes in both ears?

Otitis media Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is all that is necessary for instrument setup for bilateral myringotomy tube placement?

Mayo stand Signup and view all the answers

Which acute infection appears in bony air cells after approximately 10-14 days following an otitis media infection and if untreated may result in meningitis or encephalitis?

Mastoiditis Signup and view all the answers

What is an important step for the surgical technologist to remember to perform when changing burrs on a pneumatic drill?

Put hand piece on safety Signup and view all the answers

What is the bony overgrowth of the stapes?

Otosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Epistaxis is known as an acute?

Nose bleed Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic study is best at delineating between soft tissue and bony structures for diagnosing sinus conditions?

CT scan Signup and view all the answers

Why is a scapular or shoulder roll used in procedures involving the oropharynx?

Tilt head to increase exposure Signup and view all the answers

What is the term that describes a nasal septum that typically causes obstructed breathing in older patients?

Deviated Signup and view all the answers

What is the surgical technologist often asked to do for the surgeon during septal procedures?

Tap chisel with the mallet lightly Signup and view all the answers

What is an alternate name for the bony nasal projections known as turbinates?

Conchae Signup and view all the answers

All of the following are methods of performing a turbinectomy except?

Percutaneous Signup and view all the answers

Where is the soft palate located in relation to the nasal cavity?

Posterior and inferior Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of nasal polyps?

Allergic rhinitis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the paranasal sinuses are numerous, small and located on either side of the bridge of the nose between the eyes?

Ethmoid Signup and view all the answers

Which of the paranasal sinuses are most superior and can be singular or divided?

Frontal Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure would require 4mm or 5mm 0-degree or angulated lenses and a navigation system for intraoperative guidance?

FESS Signup and view all the answers

Davis and McIvor are names of which type of instrument?

Mouth gags Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a curved serrated tonsil knife?

Fisher Signup and view all the answers

Which objective power lens is most frequently used for?

400m Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements comparing rigid bronchoscopes and esophagoscopes to rigid laryngoscopes is correct?

Bronchoscopes are longer than laryngoscopes, and the distal end is straight Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is frequently used as an autograft to replace the mandible in a radical neck dissection?

Fibula Signup and view all the answers

Diagnostic method that assesses the amount of damage to the sound conduction system and determines course of treatment?

Audiography Signup and view all the answers

Diagnostic method that uses cool and warm water introduced into the ear canal to assess balance function?

Electronystagmography Signup and view all the answers

The membranous opening in the wall of the cochlea that receives vibrations from the stapes in the middle ear?

Oval window Signup and view all the answers

A series of hair cells that directly contact fibers of the cochlear nerve?

Organs of corti Signup and view all the answers

The process of cutting up tissue into small pieces to extract it through a small opening?

Morcellation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Otorhinolaryngologic Surgery Key Concepts

Cerumen: The wax produced in the ear canal, serving as a protective barrier.
Myringotomy: A surgical procedure creating an opening in the tympanic membrane (TM) to relieve pressure or fluid.
Cochlea: Not an ossicle; the three ossicles are malleus, incus, and stapes.
Cholesteatoma Impact: Can damage the seventh cranial nerve (facial nerve), causing complications.
Sinus Cavities: Establishing methods include Walters, Caldwell, lateral, and submental approaches.
Tonsil Tissue: Palatine tonsils are lymphoid tissues crucial for immune response.
Pharyngeal Tonsils: Also known as adenoids; they atrophy with age and are located at the back of the nasal cavity.
Tracheotomy: A surgical procedure that requires a spreader and hook for breathing access.
TMJ Decompression: Performed in the lateral jaw area to alleviate temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
UPPP: A surgical procedure addressing sleep apnea, involving resection of soft tissue in the throat.
Steno’s Duct: The parotid duct where salivary stones can form.
Jansen-Middleton Forceps: Double action cupped forceps used for nasal septum resection.
Topical Cocaine (4%): Utilized for anesthesia in nasal surgeries.
Antostomy Rasp: Instruments used for procedures involving facial sinuses.
Laryngeal Cartilage: Composed of individual, elastic structures; the thyroid cartilage is notably recognized as the Adam's apple.
Tracheotomy Sites: Commonly performed in intensive care, emergency, or post-anesthesia recovery environments.
Takahashi Forceps: A long, thin tipped hand forceps used in nasal procedures.
Equilibrium and CN VIII: The eighth cranial nerve carries information regarding balance to the cerebral cortex.
Stapedectomy: A procedure requiring a microscope due to the delicate nature of the ear structures.
Micro Ear Instruments: Should be cleaned intraoperatively with a micro-wipe sponge to maintain sterility.
Suction Instruments: Baron, Frazier, and House are employed for suctioning during otologic procedures.
Nitrous Oxide Risks: Can expand in the middle ear, contraindicated during tympanic surgeries.
Temporalis Fascia: The most commonly used autograft in otologic procedures for repairing tympanic membrane.
Polysomnography: The diagnostic study used for diagnosing sleep apnea by monitoring sleep patterns.
Mastoidectomy: Surgery performed for the excision of cholesteatoma, often related to chronic ear infections.
Depth Gauge: An instrument used for measuring the distance from the incus to the stape footplate.
Rosen Instruments: Common name for various instruments including knives, needles, picks, and suction devices in otologic surgery.
Inner Ear Labyrinth: Does not include the sphenoid sinus among its compartments.
SMR Instrument Tray: Contains items like Ballenger swivel knife, Cottle elevator, and Takahashi forceps used in submucosal resections.
Joseph Retractor: A handheld retractor found in nasal trays, available in single or double-tip forms.
ENT Specialist: Otorhinolaryngologist is commonly referred to as an ENT specialist, focusing on ear, nose, and throat issues.
Argon Laser: Used in procedures involving the stapes and operations in the middle ear.
Rotary Action Drill: Commonly utilized mechanical action in otologic procedures for bone removal.
Tympanic Membrane Function: Separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound.
Pars Tensa: The largest, fibrous part of the tympanic membrane where drainage tubes are commonly inserted.
PE Tubes: Pressure equalizing tubes placed in myringotomy procedures for chronic ear infections (otitis media).
Mastoiditis Risks: Acute infection following otitis media that can lead to serious complications like meningitis.
Pneumatic Drill Safety: Important safety step includes putting the handpiece on safety while changing burrs.
Otosclerosis: Condition characterized by bony overgrowth of the stapes, leading to hearing loss.
Epistaxis: Refers to an acute nosebleed, often requiring medical intervention.
CT Scan Diagnosis: Best method for differentiating between soft tissue and bony structures in sinus conditions.
Surgical Positioning: A scapular or shoulder roll may be used to tilt the head for better exposure during oropharynx procedures.
Deviated Septum: A condition where the nasal septum is misaligned, causing breathing obstruction, especially in older patients.
Septal Procedure Assistance: Surgical technologists may assist by lightly tapping a chisel with a mallet.
Turbinates: Also called conchae, these are bony projections located inside the nose.
Turbinectomy Methods: Variants include different techniques, but percutaneous methods are not used in turbinectomy.
Soft Palate Location: Situated posterior and inferior to the nasal cavity.
Nasal Polyps Cause: Most commonly associated with allergic rhinitis, leading to nasal obstruction.
Ethmoid Sinuses: Numerous, small sinuses located near the bridge of the nose between the eyes.
Frontal Sinuses: The most superior paranasal sinuses which can be singular or divided.
FESS Procedure: Requires specialized equipment such as 4mm or 5mm lenses and navigation systems for guidance.
Davis and McIvor: Names associated with mouth gag instruments, used to maintain access within the oral cavity.
Fisher Knife: A curved serrated knife specifically designed for tonsil surgeries.
Audiography: Diagnostic method to assess damage to the sound conduction system, assisting in treatment decisions.
Electronystagmography: A method using cool and warm water in the ear canal to evaluate balance function.
Oval Window: Membranous opening in the cochlea that receives vibrations from the stapes, initiating the hearing process.
Organ of Corti: A structure within the cochlea composed of hair cells that transduce sound vibrations into neural signals.
Morcellation: The process of cutting tissue into smaller pieces for extraction through a small incision.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

This quiz covers key concepts related to otorhinolaryngologic surgery, including important procedures like myringotomy and tracheotomy, as well as anatomical structures such as cochlea and tonsils. Understanding these concepts is essential for anyone studying or practicing in the field of ENT (ear, nose, throat). Test your knowledge and enhance your learning on these vital surgical topics.