Test 1 Adult Health Musculoskeletal part 2

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of osteoporosis?

Very brittle bones with potential fractures (correct)
Rapid bone growth in extremities
Increased bone density and strength
Excessive bone remodeling and repair

Which group is statistically more prone to post-menopausal osteoporosis?

Hispanic men
Small boned menopausal white females (correct)
Asian women
African American men

A patient experiencing a stooped posture, loss of height, and backache would most likely have what initial symptom due to osteoporosis?

Fracture of the wrist
Vertebral fracture (correct)
Fracture of the hip
Fracture of the ankle

Which of the following conditions is characterized by an excessive curve in the upper back?

Kyphosis (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a bone resorption inhibitor, typically taken first thing in the morning with a full glass of water?

Fosamax (C) Signup and view all the answers

Besides calcium and Vitamin D, which recommendation can assist with increasing bone density when dealing with osteoporosis?

Weight-bearing exercises (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with a fracture that is characterized by multiple bone fragments. Which type of fracture is this most likely?

Comminuted (D) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a fractured tibia develops shortness of breath, chest pain, and petechiae. What complication should the nurse suspect?

Fat embolism (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient has a cast applied to their lower leg following a fracture. Which nursing intervention is most crucial in the first 24-48 hours to prevent complications?

Elevating the casted extremity on a cloth-covered pillow with finger space underneath (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with an open fracture is being treated with prophylactic antibiotics. What other intervention is essential to prevent infection?

Performing wound debridement to remove debris, fragments, and dead tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient develops severe pain, numbness, and pallor in their fractured extremity, which is also under a tight cast. This is exhibiting signs of what?

Compartment syndrome (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a fasciotomy for a patient with compartment syndrome caused by a fracture?

To relieve pressure and restore blood flow (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a recent diagnosis of osteomyelitis is experiencing increased wound discharge and fever. Which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize?

Implementing contact precautions and notifying the healthcare provider. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which dietary recommendation is most important for a post-menopausal patient at risk for osteoporosis?

High calcium, low sodium, and limited animal protein and caffeine intake. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is prescribed parathyroid hormone for osteoporosis. What is the maximum duration of treatment for this medication?

24 months (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is being discharged following a total knee replacement. Which of the following should the nurse include patient teaching?

Partial weight-bearing is restricted for 2 months, ambulation aid, and continued exercises are recommended. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with fibromyalgia reports increased pain and stiffness in cold, humid weather. Which of the following lifestyle modifications should the nurse recommend?

Prioritize stress reduction techniques and maintain a comfortable environment. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient with a hip fracture presents with external leg rotation and a shortened limb. What does the nurse do initially?

Immobilize the leg and prevent movement. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true concerning the relationship between calcium and phosphorus?

High calcium levels correspond to low phosphorus levels and vice versa. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A patient post-operative from knee replacement surgery is using a continuous passive motion (CPM) machine. Which nursing intervention is crucial regarding the CPM?

CPM needs to be used for 22 hours daily and follow physician’s instruction for limits. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following complications is LEAST likely to result from prolonged immobility?

Hypoglycemia (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with paresthesia and pulselessness in the affected limb following a fracture repair. According to the 7 Ps assessment, what other findings would warrant immediate concern?

Paralysis, puffiness, and pain. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using temporary immobilization such as Buck's Traction before surgical repair?

To keep the fractured bone in correct alignment until surgery. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is recovering from a hip replacement. Which of these should the nurse instruct the patient to AVOID to prevent hip dislocation post-operatively?

Crossing the legs when sitting or lying down. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Following an open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) procedure, a patient is typically placed on what weight-bearing status for 6 weeks to 3 months, in most scenarios?

Non-weight-bearing or toe-touch weight-bearing (A) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is 2 days post total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following positions is most important to avoid to prevent hip dislocation?

Hip flexion greater than 90 degrees. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an abduction splint for patients recovering from hip replacement surgery?

To maintain the hip joint in its anatomical position. (D) Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is caring for a patient post-operative hip surgery. What is the most appropriate time to administer pain medication in relation to the therapy session?

30 minutes before therapy. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A patient is using a trapeze bar post-surgery. What is the primary benefit of this device for the patient?

To facilitate movement and repositioning in bed. (C) Signup and view all the answers

A client is being discharged home after ORIF of the femur. Which of the following home accommodations should be suggested?

High chair. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Osteoporosis

A condition where bone density decreases, primarily affecting the spine, hips, pelvis, and wrists.

Who is most affected by Osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is most common in women between 55 and 65 due to estrogen loss following menopause.

What contributes to Osteoporosis?

Reduced calcium and vitamin D intake, lack of exercise, smoking, and caffeine consumption can contribute to osteoporosis.