Osteomalacia and Rickets in Renal Osteodystrophy
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Questions and Answers

What is the main pathogenic mechanism leading to bone changes in Primary Hyperparathyroidism?

  • Increased osteoblast function
  • Activation of osteoclasts leading to bone resorption (correct)
  • Reduced osteoclast activity
  • Decreased synthesis of active Vitamin D

Which term is used to describe the clinical presentation associated with Primary Hyperparathyroidism characterized by bone pain and fractures?

  • Osteomalacia
  • Rickets
  • Osteitis Cystica Fibrosa (correct)
  • Hypocalcemia symptoms

What is the characteristic morphology seen in Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica?

  • Increased osteoblast activity
  • Vascularized tissue replacing calcified bone (correct)
  • Bone marrow replacement by adipose tissue
  • Reduced PTH levels

Which condition is often referred to as 'brown tumor' in the context of Hyperparathyroidism?

<p>Osteitis Cystica Fibrosa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection is commonly associated with Pyogenic Osteomyelitis?

<p>Bacterial infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic feature seen on X-ray in Osteitis Cystica Fibrosa?

<p>'Black spaces' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic bone disease is characterized by unusually dense bones and calcium hydroxyapatite dissolution due to defective osteoclastic activity?

<p>Osteopetrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What genetic mutation is associated with Osteopetrosis (Marble bone disease)?

<p>Mutation in CA2 gene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone disease presents with broadened metaphysis resembling an Erlenmeyer flask on x-ray?

<p>Osteopetrosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic clinical feature of the adult variant of Osteopetrosis?

<p>Scoliosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bone disease is associated with a severe infantile variant causing dense skull bones that can lead to vision loss and hearing loss?

<p>Osteopetrosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which metabolic bone disease can be treated with a bone marrow transplant for the infantile variant?

<p>Osteopetrosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which SQSTM1 mutations stimulate NF-kB in the context of Paget Disease?

<p>Activate RANK signaling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Paget Disease, during which stage are abnormally large osteoclasts with an increased number of nuclei observed?

<p>Initial osteolytic stage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important finding in the morphology of Paget Disease during the sclerotic phase?

<p>Mosaic pattern of lamellar bone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical feature is commonly associated with craniofacial involvement in Paget Disease?

<p>Platybasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Avascular necrosis can occur in which bone of the hand?

<p>Lunate bone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group is commonly affected by Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?

<p>4 to 10 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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