Основи статистики та її застосування

The date when the document was approved by the Academic Council.

The specific academic department that reviewed the document.

The category of document that was reviewed.

These are the core areas covered in the document, like introduction, methods, and data.

The academic group that officially approved the document.

Statistics is a social science that deals with collecting, analyzing, interpreting, presenting, and organizing numerical data related to social and economic phenomena.

In a market economy, the understanding of statistic methodology helps economists, managers, and entrepreneurs in evaluating business activity, making management decisions, and more.

The word "statistics" comes from the Latin word "status" and refers to the quantitative description of social and economic phenomena.

Statistics uses principles and methods to work with numerical data quantifying events and processes, helping with decision-making.

Statistics is used in various fields, including assessing living standards, researching public opinion, evaluating financial risks, and more.

Gathering specific values from each unit in a statistical population through recording based on a well-designed program.

A large-scale observation of statistical units to get a broad picture and find objective patterns.

Randomness averages out in a large number of observations

Organizing statistical observation data for analysis.

Steps to ensure the accuracy of the collected data in statistical observation

Classifying data based on specific characteristics.

Derived values from grouped data to measure patterns, central tendencies, or other aspects.

Drawing conclusions about a larger group based on data from a smaller, representative sample.

A rule for creating an indicator that ensures a consistent representation of qualitative and quantitative properties by a specific indicator.

The indicator's ability to accurately represent the specific characteristic of the phenomenon being studied.

The possibility of creating several indicators for the same category to represent different aspects.

Indicators provide a basis for analyzing and forecasting social-economic development, various aspects of phenomena, and processes in society.

The reliability of statistical information is determined by the methodology supporting the data collection and processing of the indicator.

The procedures for gathering and handling data are important for the accuracy and completeness of statistical data.

Logical and statistical reasoning is needed to ensure the indicator model accurately serves its purpose and fulfills its intended function.

The detailed organization of the indicator, including its components, units, the sources of the data used, and any associated calculations and methods.

Steps involved in compiling statistical data, including defining the task, selecting groups, verifying data, and calculating indicators.

Characteristic used to categorize data into groups or subgroups for analysis.

Visual representation of data using rows and columns, showing relationships and patterns.

Structure of a statistical table including headings and data.

Part of the table describing the group being analyzed. (e.g., demographic data).

The data (numbers or figures) that describe the subject or group. (e.g., age of people).

The final results or findings in a statistical analysis.

Process of verifying the completeness and accuracy of data before analysis.

A table showing the frequency of different values or categories of a variable.

Distribution series can use attributes or quantitative data. Different types highlight different aspects like structure or composition.

The number of times a particular value or category appears in a dataset.

The total number of observations with values less than or equal to a specific value.

The proportion of observations with a particular value or category.