Osmotic Fragility Test and Osmosis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main principle behind the method described in the text?

  • Movement of water from low to high concentration
  • Movement of water from high to low concentration (correct)
  • Movement of solute from low to high concentration
  • Movement of solute from high to low concentration

In which type of solution does hemolysis (bursting) occur for RBC?

  • Hypotonic solution (correct)
  • Hypertonic solution
  • Isotonic solution
  • Hyperosmotic solution

What is the formula for calculating osmolality?

  • No. of Osmoles / L solution (correct)
  • Molarity / no. of moles
  • No. of active particles x volume of solution
  • Molarity x no. of active particles

Which substance has 3 osmotically active particles?

<p>CaCl2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what NaCl concentration does hemolysis normally start?

<p>0.5% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition does hemolysis start earlier than normal?

<p>Spherocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is osmotic fragility testing used for?

<p>To measure red blood cell resistance to hemolysis when exposed to saline solutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does osmosis refer to?

<p>The movement of solvent particles across a semipermeable membrane from lower concentration to higher concentration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to red blood cells in a hypertonic solution?

<p>They shrink (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of moving particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration called?

<p>Diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which condition will red blood cells swell up?

<p>Hypotonic solution with higher solvent concentration than solute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does osmotic fragility test indicate when hemolysis occurs sooner?

<p>Greater osmotic fragility of the cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Osmosis

Movement of water molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane.

Hypertonic solution

A solution where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside.

Hypotonic solution

A solution where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is lower than inside.

Hemolysis

The bursting of red blood cells (RBCs) due to excessive water intake.

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Osmotic fragility test

A test used to measure the resistance of red blood cells to hemolysis when exposed to different concentrations of saline solutions.

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Osmolality

The ability of a solution to exert an osmotic pressure.

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Spherocytosis

A condition characterized by increased susceptibility of red blood cells to hemolysis.

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Diffusion

The movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration.

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Hemolysis start point

The concentration of NaCl that causes hemolysis to begin.

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Osmoles

The number of osmotically active particles per unit of volume.

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Lysis

The process that involves the breaking down of cells and release of their contents.

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Individual hemolysis start point

The concentration of NaCl that triggers the onset of red blood cell hemolysis in a specific individual or condition.

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Study Notes

Osmolality and Hemolysis

  • The main principle behind the method described is the concept of osmosis, which refers to the movement of water molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Hemolysis of RBCs

  • Hemolysis (bursting) of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) occurs in a hypotonic solution.
  • Hemolysis normally starts at a NaCl concentration of around 0.48%.

Calculating Osmolality

  • The formula for calculating osmolality is: osmolality = 2 × (Na+ + K+) + glucose + urea (all in mmol/L)

Osmotically Active Particles

  • Sucrose has 3 osmotically active particles.

Osmotic Fragility Testing

  • Osmotic fragility testing is used to diagnose hereditary spherocytosis and other red blood cell disorders.
  • Osmotic fragility test indicates when hemolysis occurs sooner, it may indicate a fragile red blood cell membrane.

Effects of Solutions on RBCs

  • In a hypertonic solution, red blood cells shrink.
  • In a hypotonic solution, red blood cells swell up.
  • The process of moving particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is called diffusion.

Abnormal Conditions

  • In hereditary spherocytosis, hemolysis starts earlier than normal.

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Description

Test your knowledge about osmotic fragility and osmosis with this quiz. Learn about the measurement of red blood cell resistance to hemolysis and the process of osmosis in cells when suspended in different saline solutions.

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