Osmosis Experiment

Questions and Answers

What happens to the cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution?

It gains water and swells

It loses water and shrinks (correct)

It stays the same size

It bursts and dies

What is the term for a solution that has the same concentration of water as the cell?

Isotonic solution (correct)

Hypertonic solution

Hypotonic solution

Concentrated solution

What is the process by which water crosses the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Passive transport

Osmosis (correct)

Active transport

Diffusion

What is the function of the plasma membrane in relation to osmosis?

It allows water to enter the cell through osmosis Signup and view all the answers

What happens to unicellular freshwater organisms when they are placed in water?

They gain water and swell Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of osmosis in plant cells?

It helps in the absorption of water by plant roots Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the plasma membrane?

Lipids and proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a strong solution of sugar or salt to the mounted leaf on the slide?

To induce plasmolysis in the cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chlorophyll in the cells?

To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of boiling the Rhoeo leaves in water?

To kill the cells on the leaves Signup and view all the answers

What is the material stuck on the ice-cream spoon when scraping the inside surface of the cheek?

Epithelial cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding methylene blue solution to the material on the slide?

To color the material for better observation Signup and view all the answers

What is observed when a Rhoeo leaf is mounted in water and examined under a microscope?

Small green granules called chloroplasts are visible Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the cells when a strong solution of sugar or salt is added to the mounted leaf on the slide?

The cells undergo plasmolysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the cells observed under the microscope after boiling the Rhoeo leaves?

Irregular Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?

To generate energy for the cell Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the organisation of a cell is destroyed?

The cell loses its ability to function Signup and view all the answers

Why are lysosomes known as 'suicide bags'?

Because they can destroy the cell Signup and view all the answers

Where are proteins synthesised inside the cell?

In the ribosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chromoplasts in plant cells?

To conduct photosynthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the internal organisation of a chloroplast composed of?

Numerous membrane layers embedded in the stroma Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of leucoplasts in plant cells?

To store starch, oils, and protein granules Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?

The cell Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is responsible for regulating the movement of materials between the cell's interior and its external environment?

Plasma membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of leucoplasts in plant cells?

Storage Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Synthesis of proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of the cell wall in plants?

Cellulose Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plastid is responsible for photosynthesis?

Chloroplasts Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

Directing life processes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organisms has a cell wall?

Both b and c Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the cell wall in preventing plant cells from bursting in hypotonic media?

The cell wall provides rigidity and prevents excessive water intake. Signup and view all the answers

Why does water gather in the hollowed portion of cup B?

The sugar creates a hypertonic environment, drawing water in. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of potato A in this experiment?

It serves as a control to observe changes in other cups. Signup and view all the answers

Why does water not gather in the hollowed portions of cups A and D?

Both cups lack any substance that can absorb water. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell division is essential for growth and repair of the body?

Mitosis Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell division is involved in the formation of gametes?

Meiosis Signup and view all the answers

What is most likely to happen if potato D contains salt instead of sugar?

Water will not gather as salt creates a hypertonic condition. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Osmosis

Osmosis is the movement of water into or out of a cell due to a concentration gradient.
If a cell is placed in a concentrated solution (hypertonic), it will lose water and shrink.
If a cell is placed in a dilute solution (hypotonic), it will gain water and swell.
If a cell is placed in a solution with the same concentration as the cell (isotonic), there will be no net movement of water.

Cell Structure

The cell membrane is flexible and made up of organic molecules called lipids and proteins.
The plasma membrane is an active part of the cell, regulating the movement of materials between the cell and its environment.

Plastids

Plastids are present only in plant cells.
There are two types of plastids: chromoplasts (coloured) and leucoplasts (white or colorless).
Chloroplasts are a type of chromoplast that contains chlorophyll and are important for photosynthesis.
Leucoplasts primarily store materials such as starch, oils, and protein granules.

Cell Organization

The fundamental organizational unit of life is the cell.
Cells have a basic structural organization, with the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles working together to perform functions like respiration, obtaining nutrition, and clearing waste material.
The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of living organisms.

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are organelles that have their own DNA and ribosomes, allowing them to make some of their own proteins.
Mitochondria use energy stored in ATP for making new chemical compounds and for mechanical work.

Lysosomes

Lysosomes are known as "suicide bags" because they contain digestive enzymes that can break down and recycle cellular waste and foreign substances.

Cell Division

There are two types of cell division: mitosis (for growth and repair of body) and meiosis (for formation of gametes).

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Description

An experiment to observe the effects of osmosis on cells in different solutions, including water, sugar, and salt.