Osmosis Experiment
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the cell when it is placed in a hypertonic solution?

  • It gains water and swells
  • It loses water and shrinks (correct)
  • It stays the same size
  • It bursts and dies

    • What is the term for a solution that has the same concentration of water as the cell?

  • Isotonic solution (correct)
  • Hypertonic solution
  • Hypotonic solution
  • Concentrated solution

    • What is the process by which water crosses the cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

  • Passive transport
  • Osmosis (correct)
  • Active transport
  • Diffusion

    • What is the function of the plasma membrane in relation to osmosis?

    <p>It allows water to enter the cell through osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to unicellular freshwater organisms when they are placed in water?

    <p>They gain water and swell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of osmosis in plant cells?

    <p>It helps in the absorption of water by plant roots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the plasma membrane?

    <p>Lipids and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding a strong solution of sugar or salt to the mounted leaf on the slide?

    <p>To induce plasmolysis in the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of chlorophyll in the cells?

    <p>To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of boiling the Rhoeo leaves in water?

    <p>To kill the cells on the leaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the material stuck on the ice-cream spoon when scraping the inside surface of the cheek?

    <p>Epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding methylene blue solution to the material on the slide?

    <p>To color the material for better observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is observed when a Rhoeo leaf is mounted in water and examined under a microscope?

    <p>Small green granules called chloroplasts are visible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the cells when a strong solution of sugar or salt is added to the mounted leaf on the slide?

    <p>The cells undergo plasmolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the cells observed under the microscope after boiling the Rhoeo leaves?

    <p>Irregular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of mitochondria in a cell?

    <p>To generate energy for the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the organisation of a cell is destroyed?

    <p>The cell loses its ability to function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are lysosomes known as 'suicide bags'?

    <p>Because they can destroy the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are proteins synthesised inside the cell?

    <p>In the ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of chromoplasts in plant cells?

    <p>To conduct photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the internal organisation of a chloroplast composed of?

    <p>Numerous membrane layers embedded in the stroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of leucoplasts in plant cells?

    <p>To store starch, oils, and protein granules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?

    <p>The cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is responsible for regulating the movement of materials between the cell's interior and its external environment?

    <p>Plasma membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of leucoplasts in plant cells?

    <p>Storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

    <p>Synthesis of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of the cell wall in plants?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of plastid is responsible for photosynthesis?

    <p>Chloroplasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell?

    <p>Directing life processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organisms has a cell wall?

    <p>Both b and c</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the cell wall in preventing plant cells from bursting in hypotonic media?

    <p>The cell wall provides rigidity and prevents excessive water intake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does water gather in the hollowed portion of cup B?

    <p>The sugar creates a hypertonic environment, drawing water in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of potato A in this experiment?

    <p>It serves as a control to observe changes in other cups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does water not gather in the hollowed portions of cups A and D?

    <p>Both cups lack any substance that can absorb water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell division is essential for growth and repair of the body?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell division is involved in the formation of gametes?

    <p>Meiosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is most likely to happen if potato D contains salt instead of sugar?

    <p>Water will not gather as salt creates a hypertonic condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Osmosis

    • Osmosis is the movement of water into or out of a cell due to a concentration gradient.
    • If a cell is placed in a concentrated solution (hypertonic), it will lose water and shrink.
    • If a cell is placed in a dilute solution (hypotonic), it will gain water and swell.
    • If a cell is placed in a solution with the same concentration as the cell (isotonic), there will be no net movement of water.

    Cell Structure

    • The cell membrane is flexible and made up of organic molecules called lipids and proteins.
    • The plasma membrane is an active part of the cell, regulating the movement of materials between the cell and its environment.

    Plastids

    • Plastids are present only in plant cells.
    • There are two types of plastids: chromoplasts (coloured) and leucoplasts (white or colorless).
    • Chloroplasts are a type of chromoplast that contains chlorophyll and are important for photosynthesis.
    • Leucoplasts primarily store materials such as starch, oils, and protein granules.

    Cell Organization

    • The fundamental organizational unit of life is the cell.
    • Cells have a basic structural organization, with the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and organelles working together to perform functions like respiration, obtaining nutrition, and clearing waste material.
    • The cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of living organisms.

    Mitochondria

    • Mitochondria are organelles that have their own DNA and ribosomes, allowing them to make some of their own proteins.
    • Mitochondria use energy stored in ATP for making new chemical compounds and for mechanical work.

    Lysosomes

    • Lysosomes are known as "suicide bags" because they contain digestive enzymes that can break down and recycle cellular waste and foreign substances.

    Cell Division

    • There are two types of cell division: mitosis (for growth and repair of body) and meiosis (for formation of gametes).

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    Chapter 5: The Fundamental Unit Of Life PDF

    Description

    An experiment to observe the effects of osmosis on cells in different solutions, including water, sugar, and salt.

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