Questions and Answers
Diffusion occurs when there is an equal concentration on both sides.
False
What is the movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration called?
What is the term for the measure of the tendency of water to move from one place to another?
Water potential
In a concentrated solution, an animal cell will undergo ______________.
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Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?
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Match the following types of diffusion with their descriptions:
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Osmosis can occur with any solvent.
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What is the name of the process by which a plant cell becomes turgid in a dilute solution?
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What happens to an animal cell placed in a solution with higher water potential than its cytoplasm?
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When a plant cell is placed in a concentrated sugar solution, it becomes turgid.
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What happens to a cell when it is placed in a solution with lower water potential than its cytoplasm?
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When a cell is placed in a solution with higher water potential than its cytoplasm, it may eventually undergo ___________ (in animal cells).
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Match the following cellular responses with their corresponding solutions:
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Study Notes
Diffusion
- Movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
- Factors affecting diffusion:
- Concentration gradient
- Temperature
- Surface area
- Distance
- Types of diffusion:
- Simple diffusion: Movement through a partially permeable membrane without assistance
- Facilitated diffusion: Movement via protein channels or carriers in the membrane
- Examples in living organisms:
- Gas exchange in the lungs and tissues
- Nutrient absorption in the intestines
Osmosis
- Movement of water molecules from a region of higher water potential to a region of lower water potential through a partially permeable membrane
- Water potential: Measure of the tendency of water to move from one place to another
- Key concepts:
- Higher water potential (dilute solution) vs. lower water potential (concentrated solution)
- Effects on cells:
- Animal cells:
- In a dilute solution: Cell swells and may burst (lysis)
- In a concentrated solution: Cell shrinks (crenation)
- Plant cells:
- In a dilute solution: Cell becomes turgid
- In a concentrated solution: Cell undergoes plasmolysis
- Animal cells:
Transport Across Cell Membrane
- Methods of transport:
- Passive transport: Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis
- Active transport: Requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient
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Description
Understand the movement of particles from high to low concentration, factors affecting diffusion, types of diffusion, and examples in living organisms.
