Osmosis and Water Proportion in Human Body
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Questions and Answers

Which fluid compartment has the highest proportion of water in the human body?

  • Aqueous humor of the eye
  • Cerebrospinal fluid
  • Extracellular fluid
  • Intracellular fluid (correct)
  • What condition is characterized by low blood chloride levels?

  • Hypernatremia
  • Hypochloremia (correct)
  • Hyponatremia
  • Hyperchloremia
  • What process uses energy from ATP to move sodium out of the cell and bring potassium into the cell for balancing?

  • Diffusion
  • Active transport (correct)
  • Osmosis
  • Facilitated diffusion
  • Which electrolyte imbalance can lead to swelling of cells due to water rushing in?

    <p>Hypernatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force exerted by fluid against a wall that causes movement between compartments, especially important in blood vessels and nephrons?

    <p>Hydrostatic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second most abundant anion in the blood that helps maintain the acid-base balance as part of the buffer system?

    <p>Bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance may lead to diuresis, the production of excess urine?

    <p>Sodium deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition involves high blood levels of CO2 and can result from pneumonia or hypoventilation?

    <p>Hypercapnia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During dehydration, what hormone is produced more to regulate water balance in the body?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause elevated blood potassium levels and impair functions of the nervous system, muscles, and heart?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid compartment surrounds cells and includes plasma in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and lymph?

    <p>Extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe pH below 7.35?

    <p>Acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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