OSHA Overview and Responsibilities
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Questions and Answers

What is OSHA's mission?

Protect the safety and health of America's workers

What important right did the creation of OSHA provide to workers?

The right to a safe and healthful workplace

What information does a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) provide?

Hazardous chemicals

What do workers have the right to review related to OSHA record keeping?

<p>The OSHA 300 Log and the OSHA 300A Summary</p> Signup and view all the answers

During an OSHA inspection, what right do you have?

<p>You have the right to talk to the inspector privately</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the right of workers to seek safety and health on the job without fear of punishment spelled out?

<p>Section 11(c) of the OSH Act</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main responsibilities employers have under OSHA?

<p>Provide training required by OSHA standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) must employers pay for according to OSHA?

<p>Hard hats</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the OSHA standards for Construction and General Industry known as?

<p>Part 1926 and Part 1910</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of OSHA inspection is conducted when immediate death or serious harm is likely?

<p>Imminent danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an employer receives an OSHA citation, how long must it be posted?

<p>Posted for 3 days or until the violation is fixed</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you feel that an OSHA inspection is needed to correct hazards at your workplace, what should you do?

<p>Submit a written, signed complaint with specific hazard information</p> Signup and view all the answers

When working over dangerous equipment and machinery, fall protection must be provided regardless of ______.

<p>distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do falls, struck by object, caught in or between, and electrocution refer to according to OSHA?

<p>'Focus Four' Hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

Webbing used for lifeline, lanyard, and harness ropes and straps must be made of ______ fibers.

<p>synthetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ways an employer can protect workers from falls?

<p>Guardrails, safety net systems, and personal fall arrest systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fall protection must be provided for workers on scaffolds if they are working ______ above a lower level.

<p>10 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Personal fall arrest systems must be inspected for damage ______ each use.

<p>Before</p> Signup and view all the answers

In construction, falls to a lower level are a major cause of fatalities.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fall protection must be provided to construction workers who are working on surfaces with unprotected sides and edges which are ______ above the lower level.

<p>6 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Overreaching is a factor that contributes to falls or fatalities involving ladder usage.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

How high must the top guardrail (the top rail) be above the working surface?

<p>42&quot; +/- 3&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

More ______ are killed from falls than in any other construction occupation.

<p>Ironworkers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Competent persons are not necessary when scaffolds are being moved.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Not every walking or working surface can be a potential fall hazard.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a personal fall arrest system consist of?

<p>An anchorage, lanyard and connectors, and a full body harness</p> Signup and view all the answers

Employees may file a complaint with OSHA if unsafe working conditions are not corrected.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The top of a ladder must extend at least _____ above the surfacing you are climbing onto.

<p>3 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Safety nets must absorb the force of a 400 lb bag of sand dropping onto the net. This is referred to as a '_____.'

<p>Drop test</p> Signup and view all the answers

Employers are required to keep worksites free from:

<p>Scrap lumber w/ protruding nails, waste and trash, and combustible liquids</p> Signup and view all the answers

Scaffold accidents are usually attributed to factors like planking or support giving way, or to a lack of guardrails or fall protection.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Employers need to have rescue procedures in place in the event of a fall.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Wet or damp conditions worsen electrocution hazards.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are preventative measures that can be taken to protect yourself from electrocution hazards?

<p>A and C only. Keep a safe distance from overhead power lines. Use of nonconductive equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which methods must employers use to protect their employees on the job site?

<p>All of the above. Ensure overhead power line safety. By supplying GFCIs. Establish and enact an assured equipment grounding conductor program (AEGCP).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What items contributed to the electrocution in the previous case study?

<p>All of the above. Use of known faulty equipment. Lack of grounding. Short in a receptacle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

It's okay to use extension cords with worn insulation as long as you are careful about it.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Employers are NOT required to enforce lockout/tagout safety-related work practices on the job site.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category of electrical burns?

<p>Shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electrocution was the second leading cause of worker deaths on construction sites in the US in 2011.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which items can prevent electrocution?

<p>All of the above. Rubber insulating gloves. Hoods. Sleeves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measures could have been taken to prevent the accident from occurring in the previous case study?

<p>Both of the above. Workers should have been aware of overhead power lines. Employees should have received proper safety training.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If your hard hat sustains a heavy blow from a falling or flying object you __________.

<p>Must replace it immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

To safely control the traffic flow and protect workers near public roadways and moving construction equipment, you could use?

<p>All of the above. Traffic signs. Barricades. Flaggers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

All rigging equipment must be inspected ______ each lift.

<p>Prior to</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a struck-by hazard?

<p>Anytime a worker is hit by a falling, swinging, flying or rolling object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens as a load is mechanically lifted?

<p>The materials may strike workers if the load swings, twists, or turns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Struck-by injuries are produced by forcible contact or impact between the injured person and a/n _________.

<p>Object or piece of equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one is an example of a struck-by flying hazard?

<p>Hit by a nail from a nail gun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How must employers protect workers from struck-by hazards?

<p>Providing PPE such as hard hats and safety glasses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Struck-by ________ object hazards exist when something is being propelled, hurled or thrown.

<p>Flying</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way workers can protect themselves when working on or near any construction zone?

<p>Wear high-visibility reflective clothing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Make sure all loads carried by equipment are stable and ______.

<p>Secured</p> Signup and view all the answers

Caught in or -between hazards are related with excavations (trenches); the hazard considered to be the greatest risk is ________.

<p>Cave-ins</p> Signup and view all the answers

To protect against caught-in or -between hazards, a worker should avoid wearing loose clothing or jewelry, and also _______.

<p>Working with equipment/machinery that has not been locked-out.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To prevent being pinned between equipment or other objects, workers should avoid _________.

<p>Placing themselves between moving vehicles and an immovable structure, vehicle, or stacked materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must all hand-held power tools have?

<p>Guards and safety switches</p> Signup and view all the answers

What procedure helps to ensure equipment doesn't accidentally reenergize when it's being repaired or worked on?

<p>Lockout/tagout</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a competent person?

<p>One who is capable of identifying existing predictable hazards in the surrounding and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Workers should not work in an unprotected trench that is 5 feet deep or more. The type of protection installed may be sloping or benching, trench box or shield and _______.

<p>Shoring</p> Signup and view all the answers

Workers should wear a ________ if required, to avoid being thrown from a vehicle and crushed as the vehicle tips over.

<p>Seatbelt</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for providing worker training on the safe use of the equipment being operated?

<p>The employer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must all respiratory protection equipment be approved by?

<p>NIOSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in developing a comprehensive safety and health program including PPE?

<p>Perform a hazard assessment</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gloves offer good pliability and protect against harmful elements such as hydraulic fluids, gasoline, and alcohols?

<p>Neoprene</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the employee provides his or her own protective equipment, what are they responsible for?

<p>None of the above (Its adequacy, its maintenance, its sanitation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a hard hat sustains impact, it should be replaced.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should an employer have if employees use a respirator under any circumstances?

<p>A written respiratory program</p> Signup and view all the answers

Eye and face protection selected for employee use must clearly identify the:

<p>Manufacturer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of footwear may be designed to be electrically conductive or non-conductive?

<p>Safety shoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an employee who needs eye protection wears prescription lenses, what should they do?

<p>A and B. Wear eye protection that incorporates the prescription into the design. Wear additional eye protection over their prescription lenses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which types of hard hats are NOT ANSI approved?

<p>Bump hats</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an industrial hygienist perform to identify exposures, problems, tasks, and risks in the workplace?

<p>Worksite analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lead exposure can cause all of the following except?

<p>Skin burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first choice for how to reduce or eliminate a hazard?

<p>Engineering controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of correctional program is used to plan the best way to control or prevent hazards in the event of an emergency?

<p>Emergency preparation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the basic worksite analysis performed by an industrial hygienist include?

<p>All of the above. Inspection of all jobs, operations, and work activities. Research on how physical hazards at that worksite affect worker health. Recommendations for any necessary, appropriate corrective actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

One of the benefits of a well-designed ergonomic work environment is low operating costs.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of contaminants can result from welding, cleaning, or painting?

<p>Gas or vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

The common drinking cup is _______ in the working place.

<p>Prohibited</p> Signup and view all the answers

___________ can be caused by repetitive motions or repeated shocks over prolonged periods of time.

<p>Carpal tunnel syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

In occupations where there is exposure to ionizing radiation, time, distance and ________ are important in considering worker safety.

<p>Shielding</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the principal source of compensable injuries in the American workforce?

<p>Manual material handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the design factor (multiplier) for a wire rope sling with a strength of 10,000 pounds and a total working load of 2,000 pounds?

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for inclusion on a synthetic webbing label?

<p>All of the above. Name and trademark of manufacturer. Rated capacities for the type of hitch. Type of material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should safe lifting training include?

<p>All of the above. General principles of ergonomics. Procedures for reporting hazardous conditions. Health risks related to improper lifting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When using industrial forklifts, the load must be at the lowest position for traveling, and the truck manufacturer's operational requirements must be followed.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must be withdrawn from used lumber before stacking?

<p>Nails</p> Signup and view all the answers

Maximum safe load limits of _____ must be posted within buildings and structures.

<p>Floors</p> Signup and view all the answers

When disposal materials are dropped more than 20 feet to an exterior location, an enclosed chute must be used.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

When traveling on a forklift, the carried load must be at the highest feasible position during travel.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

General requirements do not apply to slings used in conjunction with other material handling equipment for the movement of material by hoisting.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

All _____ that are designed to accommodate guards must be equipped with properly functioning guards when in use.

<p>Power-operated tools</p> Signup and view all the answers

What test should be performed on abrasive wheels?

<p>Ring test</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be removed from impact tools, such as chisels?

<p>Mushroom heads</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fixed, power-driven woodworking tools are not required to be provided with a disconnect switch that can either be locked or tagged in the off position.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Powder-actuated tools should never be used on _____ materials.

<p>Brittle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most tools that run on liquid fuel are powered by:

<p>Gasoline</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compressed air can be used for cleaning as long as it is less than 30 psi.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

When must jacks be inspected?

<p>All of the above. At least once every 6 months. When sent out and returned from repair. Before and after use when subjected to abnormal loads.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

OSHA Overview

  • OSHA's mission: Protect the safety and health of America's workers.
  • Creation of OSHA granted workers the right to a safe and healthful workplace.

Hazard Communication

  • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) provide information on hazardous chemicals.
  • Workers have the right to review OSHA 300 Log and OSHA 300A Summary.

Inspection Rights

  • During inspections, workers can talk to the inspector privately.
  • Section 11(c) of the OSH Act protects workers who seek safety without fear of punishment.

Employer Responsibilities

  • Employers must provide training required by OSHA standards.
  • Employers are required to pay for most personal protective equipment (PPE), such as hard hats.

OSHA Standards

  • Construction and General Industry standards are referred to as Part 1926 and Part 1910.
  • Inspections for imminent danger occur when immediate serious harm is likely.

Citations and Complaints

  • Upon receiving an OSHA citation, it must be posted for 3 days or until the violation is resolved.
  • To report hazards, submit a written, signed complaint to OSHA.

Fall Protection

  • Fall protection must be provided regardless of the distance when working over dangerous equipment.
  • "Focus Four" hazards: Falls, struck by object, caught in or between, and electrocution.

Personal Fall Arrest Systems

  • Fall arrest systems must be inspected before each use.
  • Personal fall arrest systems consist of an anchorage, lanyard, connectors, and a full body harness.

Ladder and Scaffolding Safety

  • Fall protection required at 6 feet for construction workers and 10 feet for scaffold workers.
  • Guardrails must be at a height of 42" +/- 3".

Equipment and Tool Safety

  • Safety nets must pass a "drop test" absorbing the force of a 400 lb object.
  • All rigging equipment must be inspected before each lift.

Electrical Safety

  • Wet conditions increase electrocution hazards; use of nonconductive equipment is recommended.
  • Electrocution was the second leading cause of worker deaths in construction in 2011.

Ergonomics and Manual Handling

  • Manual material handling is the principal source of compensable injuries.
  • A hazard assessment is the first step in developing a comprehensive safety program.

Hazardous Conditions and PPE

  • Gloves must be selected based on protection against hazardous elements; neoprene gloves are recommended for certain exposures.
  • Seat belts should be worn to prevent being thrown from vehicles.

Trenching and Excavation Safety

  • Workers should not enter unprotected trenches that are 5 feet deep or more; various protective measures, including shoring, are required.

Equipment Inspections and Maintenance

  • Jacks must be inspected at least every 6 months and before and after use under abnormal loads.
  • Inspect all power-operated tools for guards before use.

General Safety Practices

  • Worksites must be kept free of hazards like protruding nails and combustible liquids.
  • The common drinking cup is prohibited in workplaces to avoid contamination.

Injury Prevention

  • Struck-by hazards include being hit by falling, swinging, or rolling objects; providing PPE such as hard hats is essential for prevention.
  • Caught-in or -between hazards are most commonly associated with trench cave-ins and machinery.

Electrical Tools and Compliance

  • Always inspect powered tools, especially those that are gas-fueled or utilize compressed air for cleaning.
  • Powertools must be equipped with safety switches and guards as required.

Summary of Important Numbers

  • Top guardrail height: 42" +/- 3"
  • Fall protection required above: 6 feet for construction, 10 feet for scaffolds.
  • Hard hats should be replaced immediately after impact.

This comprehensive review captures key aspects of OSHA regulations, worker rights, employer responsibilities, and safety measures essential for maintaining a workplace that prioritizes health and safety.

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