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Questions and Answers
When your trench is deeper than 4 feet and hazards may be present, air monitoring must be done before entry.
When your trench is deeper than 4 feet and hazards may be present, air monitoring must be done before entry.
True (A)
Excavation safety standards were introduced in 1989.
Excavation safety standards were introduced in 1989.
True (A)
To be classified as type A, the soil cannot be?
To be classified as type A, the soil cannot be?
- Granular
- Loose
- Wet
- All of the above (correct)
- None of the above
Each of the following is a type B soil except?
Each of the following is a type B soil except?
A soil is usually clays and cemented soil such as caliche and hardpan.
A soil is usually clays and cemented soil such as caliche and hardpan.
Which of the following are common soil classification tests?
Which of the following are common soil classification tests?
The most important distinction between stable rock types is?
The most important distinction between stable rock types is?
The definition of type C soil is provided by manufacturers to allow the competent person an opportunity to use vertical shores or other protective systems.
The definition of type C soil is provided by manufacturers to allow the competent person an opportunity to use vertical shores or other protective systems.
A defining feature of stable rock is that it will?
A defining feature of stable rock is that it will?
OSHA requires that the competent person perform two visual and two manual tests.
OSHA requires that the competent person perform two visual and two manual tests.
A soil cannot be type A if it is?
A soil cannot be type A if it is?
Which statement is true of kick out?
Which statement is true of kick out?
Which soil type is the most common?
Which soil type is the most common?
Shores must be pumped to a minimum of 750 lbs of pressure, but more is recommended.
Shores must be pumped to a minimum of 750 lbs of pressure, but more is recommended.
Type B soils afford how many options of protection?
Type B soils afford how many options of protection?
Mixed oak timbers have a greater bending strength per square inch than Douglas fir.
Mixed oak timbers have a greater bending strength per square inch than Douglas fir.
Aluminum hydraulic shoring permits both installation and removal without entering the trench.
Aluminum hydraulic shoring permits both installation and removal without entering the trench.
In type C soil, the angle of repose is very low; how many degrees must the angle be?
In type C soil, the angle of repose is very low; how many degrees must the angle be?
The struts of a screw jack system must be adjusted manually, which creates a hazard because?
The struts of a screw jack system must be adjusted manually, which creates a hazard because?
The depth at which an excavation needs attention from a registered professional engineer is?
The depth at which an excavation needs attention from a registered professional engineer is?
All systems have a set of manufacturers' tabulated data to be used for proper design and installation of the equipment.
All systems have a set of manufacturers' tabulated data to be used for proper design and installation of the equipment.
Placing a shield between the side of an excavation and the work area can minimize the risk in the event of a cave-in.
Placing a shield between the side of an excavation and the work area can minimize the risk in the event of a cave-in.
Shoring and shielding can be custom built from tabulated data approved by an engineer.
Shoring and shielding can be custom built from tabulated data approved by an engineer.
When exposed to vehicular traffic, your excavation?
When exposed to vehicular traffic, your excavation?
Surface encumbrance is considered a?
Surface encumbrance is considered a?
Eye contact outside radius is considered safe.
Eye contact outside radius is considered safe.
Water accumulation all are true except?
Water accumulation all are true except?
Walkway rails should be at least how many feet high?
Walkway rails should be at least how many feet high?
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Study Notes
Trench Safety Regulations
- Trench depths exceeding 4 feet require air monitoring to check for hazards before entry.
- Excavation safety standards were established in 1989, emphasizing the importance of soil assessment.
Soil Classification
- Type A soil cannot contain certain characteristics, affirming it must meet strict criteria.
- Common types of soil:
- Type A: usually clays and cemented soils like caliche and hardpan.
- Type B: examples include silty clay and sandy clay, but NOT sand.
- Type C: low angle of repose, specifically 34 degrees.
Soil Testing
- Various soil classification tests are utilized, ensuring safety on site, with one exception noted in methods.
- A competent person must assess soil stability and characteristics, particularly the degree of stability for stable rock types.
Safety Equipment and Practices
- Safety measures for type B soils include multiple protection options, totaling four.
- Aluminum hydraulic shoring allows safe installation and removal without trench entry.
- Shores must be maintained at a minimum pressure of 750 lbs, with higher pressures recommended for effectiveness.
Hazard Awareness
- Kick out is a critical safety concern, emphasizing all associated risks must be acknowledged.
- Excavations require supervision from a registered professional engineer at depths of 20 feet or greater.
- Placing shields between excavation walls and work areas can mitigate risks in case of cave-ins.
Construction Precautions
- Excavations must be safeguarded against vehicular traffic, to control potential hazards.
- Temporary structures may need custom building, aligned with tabulated data approved by an engineer to ensure safety.
- Water accumulation in excavations may pose hazards, and protective measures such as shields are essential.
General Safety Considerations
- Surface encumbrance is identified as a hazard that must be managed.
- Eye contact should be observed within the designated safe proximity to avoid risks related to excavation activities.
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