Orthopedic Assessment and Pathologies Final Review

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Questions and Answers

Which muscles in the lower back are most commonly associated with disk herniation/degeneration?

  • L4-L5 (correct)
  • L1-L2
  • L3-L4
  • L2-L3

What are the risk factors for disk herniation in the cervical spine?

  • Repetitive lifting of heavy loads (correct)
  • Sitting with a straight posture
  • Regular swimming
  • Regular stretching exercises

Where is the subacromial bursa located in the shoulder?

  • Below the deltoid muscle
  • Beneath the acromial arch (correct)
  • Attached to the humerus
  • Above the rotator cuff tendons

Which bursa overlies the greater trochanter in the hip joint?

<p>Trochanteric bursa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bursa is located between the Pubofemoral ligament and the Iliofemoral ligaments?

<p>Iliopectineal bursa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the odd facet of the patella?

<p>To be first affected in chondromalacia patella (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament runs somewhat anteriorly to 4cm below the joint line to attach to the shaft of the tibia?

<p>Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament primarily checks extension of the knee, anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur, and internal torsion of the knee?

<p>Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which meniscus forms almost a full circle and has a smaller radius than the other meniscus?

<p>Lateral Meniscus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure does not attach to the lateral meniscus?

<p>Medial collateral ligament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the meniscus?

<p>To act as a shock absorber (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is described as the largest and most stable joint of the body?

<p>Hip joint (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may lead to kinking of the contralateral vertebral artery in the cervical spine?

<p>$50$ degrees of rotation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may lead to kinking of the ipsilateral vertebral artery in the cervical spine?

<p>$45$ degrees of rotation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attaches to both medial epicondyle of femur and runs somewhat anteriorly to 4cm below the joint line and attaches to shaft of tibia?

<p>Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is embedded in the back of the quadriceps tendon and has facets including superior, inferior, lateral, medial, and odd?

<p>Patella (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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