Orthopaedic Trauma Overview

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What is the goal of stabilizing the pelvis with an external fixator in cases of pelvic fractures?

To save life by stopping haemorrhage

What is the main cause of compartment syndrome?

All of the above

What is the commonest site of fracture in the elderly with osteoporosis due to minimal trauma?

Pelvic ramus

Which limb is most commonly affected by compartment syndrome?

<p>Thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the 30-day mortality rate for neck of femur fractures?

<p>6.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual cause of patella fractures?

<p>Direct blow onto the knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main symptom of compartment syndrome?

<p>Pain out of proportion to injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cases of tibial shaft fractures, what determines the choice between conservative and surgical treatment?

<p>Displacement and ability to straight leg raise</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may lead to irreversible muscle and neurovascular damage?

<p>Compartment syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathophysiology of compartment syndrome?

<p>Bleeding and tissue swelling leading to increased interstitial pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of femur fractures in nonambulatory infants?

<p>Non-accidental trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of death in children due to deliberate actions against them?

<p>Non-accidental trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fracture pattern is considered a red flag for non-accidental injury?

<p>Transphyseal separation of the distal humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of fractures in children under 1 year of age?

<p>Non-accidental trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture is usually treated conservatively, unless there is intra-articular disruption or avascular watershed area involvement?

<p>Avulsion fracture of the base of 5th metatarsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a fracture?

<p>Disruption in continuity of bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture suggests a twisting mechanism of injury?

<p>Spiral</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fracture in which there are more than 2 pieces of bone?

<p>Comminuted</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between an open and closed fracture?

<p>Whether there is a skin breach</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored specifically in certain fractures?

<p>Compartment pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture involves the growth plate in children?

<p>Greenstick</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic difference between paediatric and adult fractures?

<p>Cortical bone is more porous in paediatric fractures compared to adult fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture exhibits plastic deformation in children?

<p>Torus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of fracture in the upper limb trauma of children?

<p>Supracondylar humeral fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does remodelling occur in paediatric fractures after injury?

<p>6 weeks after injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reported rate of spontaneous recovery for secondary palsies associated with fracture manipulation?

<p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fractures present a higher risk of laceration or entrapment of the radial nerve?

<p>Spiral fractures of the middle 1/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can help determine the degree of nerve injury and monitor the rate of nerve regeneration?

<p>EMG and nerve conduction studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fractures are most commonly associated with neuropraxia?

<p>Transverse fractures of the distal 1/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for an acceptable result in the nonsurgical treatment of humeral fractures?

<p>Minimal angular deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated for most forearm fractures?

<p>Surgical intervention</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common early symptom of necrotising fasciitis?

<p>Intense and severe pain out of proportion to external signs of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most critical symptom of necrotising fasciitis, usually occurring within 4 to 5 days?

<p>Severe fall in blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important factor for survival in necrotising fasciitis?

<p>Early diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is LRINEC used for in the context of necrotising fasciitis?

<p>To facilitate early diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of necrotising fasciitis?

<p>Renal failure and sepsis (rhabdomyolysis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical symptom of necrotising fasciitis usually within 4 to 5 days?

<p>Severe fall in blood pressure and toxic shock from bacterial poisons</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended management for necrotising fasciitis that progresses rapidly and can result in death?

<p>All of the above options</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is most important for the survival of a patient with necrotising fasciitis?

<p>Time to surgical debridement</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic fluid is typically observed during surgical debridement of necrotising fasciitis?

<p>&quot;Dirty dishwater&quot; fluid with grey coloured tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

What complication is associated with necrotising fasciitis and may require amputation to save life?

<p>Limb Threatening Injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

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