70 Questions
Which of the following best describes the nursing process?
The nurse's deliberate action to meet patient needs
What is the first stage of the deliberative nursing process?
Assessment
Why are automatic nursing actions considered ineffective?
They are determined for reasons other than the patient's immediate need
What is the purpose of the evaluation stage in the nursing process?
To assess the patient's progress
What is the role of nursing in relation to the patient's distress?
To alleviate the patient's distress
What is the nurse's immediate response to perceptions and thoughts?
Automatic feeling
According to Orlando's Nursing Process Theory, what is the purpose of nursing?
To meet the patient's immediate needs for help
What is the purpose of the nurse exploring the meaning of their action with the patient?
To validate the action's effectiveness
What is the nurse's immediate reaction in response to the patient's presenting behavior?
The nurse's internal response
What is the nurse's role in the nursing process discipline?
To investigate the patient's needs
What is the major dimension of Orlando's Nursing Process Theory?
The professional nursing function
What is the purpose of the planning stage in the nursing process?
To update the nursing care plan
What does the presenting behavior of the patient represent?
A cry for help from the patient
What influences the actions and reactions in the nurse-patient situation?
Both the nurse and the patient
What is the purpose of the nursing process discipline theory?
To supply the help a patient needs for their needs to be met
What is the immediate reaction in Orlando's Nursing Process Theory?
The nurse's internal response
What is the focus of Orlando's Nursing Process Theory?
Providing direct assistance to patients in any setting
What does the nurse need to recognize in order to identify a problematic situation?
The patient's presenting behavior
What does the nursing process in Orlando's theory label the purpose of nursing as?
Supplying the help a patient needs for their needs to be met
What does distress represent in Orlando's Nursing Process Theory?
The experience of a patient whose need has not been met
According to Orlando's Theory, what is the goal of nursing?
To increase the sense of well-being in patients
According to Orlando's Theory, what is a nursing client?
A patient who is under medical care and cannot deal with their needs
According to Orlando's Theory, what is the nursing therapeutics composed of?
All of the above
According to Orlando's Theory, what is the environment?
The immediate context for a patient
According to Orlando's Theory, what is health?
A sense of comfort
According to Orlando's Theory, what is fulfilled needs?
A sense of adequacy or well-being
According to Orlando's Theory, what is the dynamic nurse-patient relationship?
A relationship between a nurse and a patient who is under medical care and cannot deal with their needs
According to Orlando's Theory, what is the direct function of nursing therapeutics?
Initiating a process of helping the patient express the specific meaning of his behavior
According to Orlando's Theory, what is the indirect function of nursing therapeutics?
Calling for help of others for the patient
According to Orlando's Theory, what are the automatic activities of nursing therapeutics?
Perception by five senses
What did Nola Pender define as a positive dynamic state in her Health Promotion Model?
The presence of well-being
In Pender's Health Promotion Model, what is the focus of health protection behavior?
Avoiding illness and maintaining functioning
According to Pender's Health Promotion Model, what does 'prior related behavior' refer to?
The frequency of the same or similar behavior in the past
What is the primary focus of health promotion, as per Pender's model?
Increasing client's level of well-being
Which factors are considered in the Health Promotion Model to influence health behaviors?
Biological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors
What does the Transcultural Nursing Theory primarily focus on?
Providing culture-specific and universal nursing care practices
How many theoretical statements guide investigative work on health behaviors in the Health Promotion Model?
Thirteen
What is Madeleine Leininger known as the developer of?
Transcultural nursing
What is the goal of transcultural nursing?
Provide culturally congruent care
Which of the following is considered a behavior-specific cognition in the Health Promotion Model?
Self-efficacy
What did Madeleine Leininger earn a PhD in?
Anthropology
In what type of settings is the Health Promotion Model applied?
Community healthcare
What is the focus of the Transcultural Nursing Theory?
Culturally specific nursing care practices
Which of the following is a part of behavior-specific cognitions in the Health Promotion Model?
Perceived benefits and barriers
What is the primary aim of the Transcultural Nursing Theory?
Provide culturally congruent care
What type of influences does the Health Promotion Model consider?
Interpersonal and situational influences
Which nursing theory focuses on human wholeness and characteristics?
Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
What are the three modes of nursing care decisions and actions in Madeleine Leininger’s Theory?
Cultural care preservation, accommodation, and repatterning
What is emic knowledge in the context of transcultural nursing?
Knowledge from direct experience
What does culturally congruent care aim to achieve?
Fitting people’s valued life patterns and meanings
According to transcultural nursing, what does cultural awareness involve?
Self-examination of one’s background and recognizing biases
When did transcultural nursing first appear in Leininger’s book?
1991
What is the focus of cultural competent care?
Bridging cultural gaps
What is the major concept in Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness?
Health as the pattern of the whole person
What does etic knowledge describe in the context of transcultural nursing?
Professional perspective-based knowledge
What is the purpose of understanding diverse cultures' nursing and health-illness practices in transcultural nursing?
To provide meaningful care
What are the key concepts involved in transcultural nursing?
Cultural identity, universals, specifies, material and non-material culture, diversity, acculturation, cultural shock, and care systems
What are the three modes of nursing care decisions and actions in Madeleine Leininger’s Theory aimed at achieving?
Maintaining, negotiating, or restructuring care
Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness focuses on which of the following?
The expansion of consciousness as the definition of health
What does Parse's Theory of Human Becoming define as the four metaparadigms?
Person, environment, health, and nursing
Which principle of Parse's Theory emphasizes configuring rhythmical patterns of relating?
The second principle
What does the Human Becoming Theory emphasize nursing as?
A human science and art
According to Parse's Theory, what is the person's open being inseparable from?
The environment
What is the focus of the third principle in Parse's Theory of Human Becoming?
Co-transcending with the possible and the process of transforming
What does Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness emphasize as the definition of health?
The expansion of consciousness
According to Parse's Theory, what does nursing aim for in relation to the person's quality of life?
True presence and the person's active participation in co-authoring their quality of life
What is the focus of the first principle in Parse's Theory of Human Becoming?
Structuring meaning through imaging, valuing, and languaging
According to Newman, what does her Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness focus on?
The individual's consciousness within the larger whole of the environment
According to Parse's Theory, what does nursing aim for in relation to the person's quality of life?
True presence and the person's active participation in co-authoring their quality of life
What is the grounding of Parse's Theory of Human Becoming?
The co-constituting rhythmical patterns of relating
Study Notes
Transcultural Nursing and Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness
- Transcultural nursing involves understanding diverse cultures' nursing and health-illness practices to provide meaningful care.
- It first appeared in Leininger’s book "Culture Care Diversity and Universality" in 1991 and was later detailed in "Transcultural Nursing" in 2002.
- Concepts include cultural identity, universals, specifies, material and non-material culture, diversity, acculturation, cultural shock, and care systems.
- Emic knowledge comes from direct experience, while etic knowledge describes the professional perspective.
- Cultural awareness involves self-examination of one’s background, recognizing biases, prejudices, and assumptions about others.
- Culturally congruent care fits people’s valued life patterns and meanings, while culturally competent care bridges cultural gaps.
- Madeleine Leininger’s Theory includes the Sunrise Model and three modes of nursing care decisions and actions.
- The three modes are cultural care preservation, accommodation, and repatterning, aiming to maintain, negotiate, or restructure care.
- Nurses aiming to work overseas should understand Leininger’s theory and the importance of cultural understanding.
- Margaret Newman developed the Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness, focusing on human wholeness and characteristics.
- Major concepts in Newman's theory include health as the pattern of the whole person, consciousness, and patterns of movement and space-time.
- Newman's theory asserts that life is an ongoing process of expanding consciousness, with health as a manifestation of the pattern of the whole.
Nursing Theories: Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness and Parse's Theory of Human Becoming
- Newman emphasizes the interconnectedness of movement-space-time in the emergence of consciousness
- Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness focuses on the individual's consciousness within the larger whole of the environment
- Rosemarie Rizzo Parse, born in Pennsylvania, is known for her Human Becoming Theory
- Parse's theory consists of three principles and nine assumptions about human and becoming
- The first principle focuses on structuring meaning through imaging, valuing, and languaging
- The second principle emphasizes configuring rhythmical patterns of relating
- The third principle deals with co-transcending with the possible and the process of transforming
- Parse's theory defines the person, environment, health, and nursing as the four metaparadigms
- The Human Becoming Theory emphasizes the person's open being, the inseparability of the environment, health as an open process, and nursing as a human science and art
- The nurse guided by the Human Becoming Theory aims for true presence and the person's active participation in co-authoring their quality of life
- Newman's Theory of Health as Expanding Consciousness focuses on the expansion of consciousness as the definition of health
- Parse's Theory of Human Becoming is grounded in the co-constituting rhythmical patterns of relating and transcending multidimensionally with emerging possibilities.
Test your knowledge of Orlando's Nursing Process Theory with this quiz. Learn about the major dimensions of the theory, including the professional nursing function, the patient's presenting behavior, immediate reactions, the deliberative nursing process, and improvement. Challenge yourself and enhance your understanding of this organizing principle in nursing.
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