Orlando's Nursing Process Theory Quiz

Orlando's Deliberative Nursing Process Theory

• Focused on the patient's immediate need for help. The nurse's role is to discover and address the patient's immediate need for help.
• Patient's behavior may be a cry for help but the need may not be obvious.
• The nurse uses perception, thoughts, and feelings to understand the meaning behind the patient's behavior.
• The theory emphasizes a dynamic nurse-patient interaction. The nurse's perception, thoughts, and feelings directly influence patient care.

Five Major Interrelated Concepts

• Function of Professional Nursing: The overarching principle of the theory. The nurse aims to identify and meet the patient's immediate needs for help. Nursing is responsive to individuals experiencing distress or anticipating helplessness.
• Presenting Behavior of the Patient: The patient's problematic situation or "cry for help". It reveals the patient's immediate need for assistance. The behavior might not accurately reflect the true need.
• Immediate or Internal Response of the Nurse: This is the nurse's automatic reaction to the patient's behavior. It involves three stages: Perception (sense-based), Thought (automatic), and Feeling, which then leads to the nurse's action.
• The Nursing Process Discipline: The investigation into the patient's needs. The nurse explores the patient's situation by observing, sharing, and asking questions to understand their needs and whether they require any help.
• Improvement: The resolution to the patient's situation where the effectiveness of the nurse's actions is evaluated based on any changes in the patient's behavior. The nurse learns from every interaction and seeks to improve their ability to help the patient.

Assumptions of Orlando's Theory

• Patients experience distress when unable to cope with their needs.
• Nursing, in its professional nature, can contribute to patient distress.
• Patients are unique individuals with diverse responses.
• Nursing embodies "mothering" and nurturing.
• Nursing practice involves people, their environment, and health.
• Patients need help communicating their dependency needs.
• People can be secretive or open about their needs, perceptions, thoughts, and feelings.
• The nurse-patient situation is dynamic, influenced by both parties.
• People attach meanings to situations and actions that may not be apparent to others.
• Patients enter the care system through medicine.
• Patients need the nurse's help to articulate their distress.
• Any observation shared with the patient helps understand their needs.
• Nurses are concerned with the needs the patient cannot fulfill independently.

Five Stages of the Deliberative Nursing Process

• Assessment: An assessment stage involves a holistic evaluation of the patient's needs to gather subjective and objective data. This stage is independent of the reason for the encounter.
• Diagnosis: The nurse focuses on determining the health problems using collected data. Utilizing links to defining characteristics, related factors, and risk factors, this stage helps specify the diagnosis.
• Planning: Develops a plan for addressing each identified problem with specific goals and outcomes. Each outcome is linked to nursing interventions for reaching the goal.
• Implementation: Involves putting the plan into action using nursing interventions to achieve the desired outcomes.
• Evaluation: Refers to evaluating the effectiveness of the implemented nursing interventions against the outlined goals and outcomes. This determines whether the interventions were successful or require adjustments for better results.