Org. Theory and Design: Chapter 12 (MC)
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Questions and Answers

Which type of decision making involves selecting easy, repetitive, and routine operating procedures?

  • Rational decision making
  • Nonprogrammed decision making
  • Programmed decision making (correct)
  • Strategic decision making

What is the primary goal of organizational decision making?

  • To create the most value for organizational stakeholders (correct)
  • To design a series of alternative courses of action
  • To increase predictability
  • To reduce costs of making goods and services

Which model of decision making involves a straightforward three-stage process?

  • Rational model of decision making (correct)
  • Intuitive model of decision making
  • Emotional model of decision making
  • Behavioral model of decision making

What type of decisions allow an organization to find solutions to changing and uncertain conditions?

<p>Nonprogrammed decision making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of decision making provides stability and increases predictability?

<p>Programmed decision making (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of nonprogrammed decision making?

<p>Creative, novel, and unstructured decisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way organizations can promote learning and change?

<p>Implement strategies for organizational learning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can an organization convert events into learning opportunities?

<p>By redesigning its structure and culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of the top-management team in the circle configuration?

<p>Managers from different functions interact with one another and with the CEO (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In game theory, what is a sequential move game?

<p>Players move in turn, and one player selects a strategy after considering its rival's choice of strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a devil's advocate do?

<p>Resist influence attempts and convince others that new ideas or plans may be flawed, wrong, or harmful (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a collateral organizational structure?

<p>An organization set up parallel to the formal organizational structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Carnegie model of decision making, what is 'bounded rationality'?

<p>The limited capacity of managers to process information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the incrementalist model of organizational decision making, what is the primary reason for managers choosing incrementally different courses of action?

<p>Lack of information and foresight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the garbage-can model of decision making, what do managers do?

<p>Propose solutions to problems that do not exist (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of organizational learning according to James March?

<p>Exploration and exploitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which level is it important for managers to encourage team learning?

<p>Group level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary criticism made by researchers about the rational model of decision making?

<p>Assuming that decision makers have all the information they need (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of organizational learning?

<p>Increasing organizational effectiveness through continuous improvement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of creating a learning organization according to the text?

<p>Increasing potential for organizational learning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary strategy proposed by James March for organizational learning?

<p>Exploration and exploitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the essence of individual mastery in organizational learning?

<p>Empowerment and encouragement for employees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the incrementalist model argue as the primary limitation for managers in making decisions?

<p>Lack of information and foresight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bounded rationality refer to according to the Carnegie model?

<p>Limited capacity of managers to process information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of building a shared vision in a learning organization?

<p>To create a mental model for framing problems and opportunities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes adaptive cultures from inert cultures in terms of facilitating organizational learning?

<p>Inert cultures are cautious and conservative, not valuing experimentation and risk-taking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an IT-based knowledge management system in an organization?

<p>To share and integrate expertise within and between functions and divisions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a personalization approach to knowledge management pursued by an organization?

<p>When technology is changing rapidly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor may lead to a reduction in the level of organizational learning over time according to Nystrom and Starbuck's model?

<p>Blindness and rigidity in organizational decision making (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do cognitive biases such as illusion of control, frequencies, and representativeness primarily affect in organizational decision making?

<p>The perception of threats facing the organization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cognitive dissonance lead to in organizational decision making?

<p>A state of discomfort or anxiety due to inconsistent beliefs and actions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main consequence of the illusion of control in organizational decision making?

<p>An overestimation of the extent to which managers can control a situation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does escalation of commitment lead managers to do in decision making?

<p>To remain committed to a losing course of action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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