Theories & Approaches: Chapter 1 & 2

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Organizational change flows from a predetermined strategy.

Prescriptive Stream

Change is not the outcome of strategy but the process through which strategy is shaped.

Analytical Stream

Behavior is learned and conditioned by expected consequences; changing behavior involves changing the conditions.

Individual Perspective School (Behaviorists)

Behavior arises from how individuals interpret stimuli; changing behavior involves changing how individuals perceive their environment.

Gestalt-Field Psychologists (Lewin) Signup and view all the answers

Change should focus on influencing and modifying group norms, roles, and values.

Group Dynamics School Signup and view all the answers

Organizations are made up of interconnected subsystems where changes in one area affect others, with emphasis on synergy.

Open Systems School Signup and view all the answers

Change happens incrementally, addressing one issue at a time, leading to transformation over time.

Incremental Model Signup and view all the answers

Organizations experience long periods of stability with brief, radical changes in between.

Punctuated Equilibrium Model Signup and view all the answers

Change is a continuous process, with organizations constantly adapting to a dynamic environment.

Continuous Transformation Model Signup and view all the answers

Focused on enhancing efficiency by reducing the time taken to perform tasks through systematic study of work processes.

Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management Signup and view all the answers

Emphasized organizational efficiency through management principles such as division of work, authority, and discipline.

Henri Fayol’s Principles of Management Signup and view all the answers

Advocated for rational-legal authority structures with clear hierarchies, division of labor, and formal rules.

Max Weber's Bureaucracy Signup and view all the answers

Key principles of classical approach

<ol> <li>Organizations are rational entities</li> <li>Universal design principles</li> <li>Economic beings</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Why change?

Organizations adapt to internal and external threats and opportunities to enhance effectiveness in achieving their goals, which relies on processes, people, and culture. Signup and view all the answers

Theories & Approaches: Chapter 1 & 2

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