Organismal Physiology and Energetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a relevant form of energy in biology?

  • Chemical bond energy
  • Heat energy (correct)
  • Mechanical energy
  • Electrical energy

    • What is the study of how organisms acquire, channel, and dissipate energy called?

  • Thermodynamics
  • Anabolism
  • Energetics (correct)
  • Catabolism

    • Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed?

  • Second Law
  • First Law (correct)
  • Third Law
  • Zeroth Law

    • What is the term for the breakdown of molecules to release energy?

    <p>Catabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of energy is used for physiological work in biology?

    <p>Chemical bond energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the use of energy to assemble molecules?

    <p>Anabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is energy fundamentally important to all life processes?

    <p>To understand how much energy/food is needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of energy is associated with the random atomic/molecular motion of matter?

    <p>Heat energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unit is commonly used to measure the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of water by 1 degree Celsius?

    <p>Calorie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the efficiency of ATP in converting chemical energy to mechanical work?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of calorimetry measures metabolic rate directly from the amount of heat released by an organism?

    <p>Direct calorimetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the respiratory quotient (RQ) calculated as?

    <p>CO2 produced / O2 consumed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metabolic rate is associated with endothermic homeotherms in a fasting and resting state?

    <p>Basal metabolic rate (BMR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the increase in metabolic rate associated with food ingestion called?

    <p>Specific dynamic action (SDA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metabolic rate represents the daily energy expenditure of a free-living animal?

    <p>Field metabolic rate (FMR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key theme in the course?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is temperature a measure of?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT true about heat and temperature?

    <p>Heat and temperature are interchangeable terms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organisms rely mostly on external temperatures to determine body temperature?

    <p>Ectotherms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the ability of plants to cool themselves through transpiration?

    <p>High transpiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the purpose of compensation in plants?

    <p>To maintain performance in the face of varying conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of compensation on metabolic rate in the absence of compensation?

    <p>Metabolic rate decreases with temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, how does compensation work in terms of enzymes?

    <p>By changing the enzyme's environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of isozymes in compensation?

    <p>To fine-tune metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, how does compensation work in terms of acetylcholinesterase activity?

    <p>Km increases, affinity decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between metabolic rate (M), body temperature (Tb), and constants (a and n) for an ectotherm according to the text?

    <p>$M=a10^{nTb}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the temperature coefficient (Q10) defined as?

    <p>The ratio of the rate of a process at one temperature over the rate of the same process at a temperature 10°C lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what does Q10 represent in biological systems?

    <p>The impact of a change of temperature on the metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, how does temperature affect enzyme-substrate affinity?

    <p>Affinity too high: enzyme binds too tightly to substrate = slow reactions. Affinity too low: enzyme binds substrate too loosely = reactions less likely to happen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is acclimatization defined as?

    <p>A chronic response of an individual to a changed environment in cases where the new and old environments are natural environments that can differ in numerous ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

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