Organismal Physiology and Energetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a relevant form of energy in biology?

  • Chemical bond energy
  • Heat energy (correct)
  • Mechanical energy
  • Electrical energy

What is the study of how organisms acquire, channel, and dissipate energy called?

  • Thermodynamics
  • Anabolism
  • Energetics (correct)
  • Catabolism

Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed?

  • Second Law
  • First Law (correct)
  • Third Law
  • Zeroth Law

What is the term for the breakdown of molecules to release energy?

<p>Catabolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of energy is used for physiological work in biology?

<p>Chemical bond energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the use of energy to assemble molecules?

<p>Anabolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is energy fundamentally important to all life processes?

<p>To understand how much energy/food is needed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of energy is associated with the random atomic/molecular motion of matter?

<p>Heat energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which unit is commonly used to measure the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of water by 1 degree Celsius?

<p>Calorie (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficiency of ATP in converting chemical energy to mechanical work?

<p>25% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of calorimetry measures metabolic rate directly from the amount of heat released by an organism?

<p>Direct calorimetry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the respiratory quotient (RQ) calculated as?

<p>CO2 produced / O2 consumed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of metabolic rate is associated with endothermic homeotherms in a fasting and resting state?

<p>Basal metabolic rate (BMR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the increase in metabolic rate associated with food ingestion called?

<p>Specific dynamic action (SDA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of metabolic rate represents the daily energy expenditure of a free-living animal?

<p>Field metabolic rate (FMR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key theme in the course?

<p>Temperature (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is temperature a measure of?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about heat and temperature?

<p>Heat and temperature are interchangeable terms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of organisms rely mostly on external temperatures to determine body temperature?

<p>Ectotherms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the ability of plants to cool themselves through transpiration?

<p>High transpiration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the purpose of compensation in plants?

<p>To maintain performance in the face of varying conditions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of compensation on metabolic rate in the absence of compensation?

<p>Metabolic rate decreases with temperature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, how does compensation work in terms of enzymes?

<p>By changing the enzyme's environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of isozymes in compensation?

<p>To fine-tune metabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, how does compensation work in terms of acetylcholinesterase activity?

<p>Km increases, affinity decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation represents the relationship between metabolic rate (M), body temperature (Tb), and constants (a and n) for an ectotherm according to the text?

<p>$M=a10^{nTb}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the temperature coefficient (Q10) defined as?

<p>The ratio of the rate of a process at one temperature over the rate of the same process at a temperature 10°C lower (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what does Q10 represent in biological systems?

<p>The impact of a change of temperature on the metabolic rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, how does temperature affect enzyme-substrate affinity?

<p>Affinity too high: enzyme binds too tightly to substrate = slow reactions. Affinity too low: enzyme binds substrate too loosely = reactions less likely to happen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is acclimatization defined as?

<p>A chronic response of an individual to a changed environment in cases where the new and old environments are natural environments that can differ in numerous ways (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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