Chemistry in everyone's life

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What is the main property of chloroxylenol?

It is a treatment for pneumonia

It is a chemical substance produced by mould

It is a natural antibiotic

It has both antiseptic and disinfectant properties (correct)

What is the percentage of iodine in a tincture of iodine?

2-3% iodine solution (correct)

10-20% iodine solution

5-10% iodine solution

1-5% iodine solution

Who discovered the first antibiotic, penicillin?

Ernst Chain and Howard Florey

Howard Florey

Alexander Fleming (correct)

Ernst Chain

What is penicillin effective against?

Various cocci and gram positive bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Who isolated penicillin in pure form and proved its effectiveness as an antibiotic?

Ernst Chain and Howard Florey Signup and view all the answers

When was penicillin introduced into medical practice?

1941 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of streptomycin that makes it soluble in water?

It forms salts that are very soluble in water Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of sulphapyridine?

To treat pneumonia Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between streptomycin and sulphanilamides?

Streptomycin is an antibiotic, while sulphanilamides are not Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural feature of streptomycin that makes it effective?

Two strongly basic quanido groups Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of succinyl sulphathiazole?

To treat intestinal infections Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of sulphanilamides?

They are effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the solubility of chloramphenicol in water?

Soluble in 400 ml of water Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following infections is chloramphenicol specific for?

Typhoid fever Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic skeleton of tetracyclines?

Hydronapht-hacene skeleton Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional group present in sulpha drugs?

-SO2NH2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high concentrations of chloramphenicol on animal and plant cells?

Inhibition of growth Signup and view all the answers

How are tetracyclines administered?

Orally Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sex attractants in insects?

To attract mates from a distance Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using synthetic pheromones in insect population control?

They can be tailored to specific insect species Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of molecules required to invoke a response in some insect species?

Hundreds Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the sex attractants produced by some male insects?

They are produced by some male insects Signup and view all the answers

Why are sex attractants often used in traps to control insect populations?

Because they can attract insects from a distance Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using calcium and magnesium ions in the production of soaps?

To create a curdy precipitate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sex pheromones in honeybees?

Signaling to pollinate specific flowers Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of chemical insecticides?

They lack specificity and can harm helpful insects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using pheromones for insect control?

They are more specific and environmentally friendly Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of trail pheromones in insect communication?

Leading others to follow a specific path Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential harm associated with the use of synthetic dyes in food?

They can be dangerous for young children and asthma patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Prevention of Food Adulteration act in India?

To protect consumer interests and ensure food safety Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of defense pheromone in larvae of Chrysomelid beetle?

To alert other larvae of potential predators Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of synthetic plant growth hormones on agricultural practices?

They increase the yield of certain crops and improve the sweetness of fruits Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between growth promoters and growth inhibitors in plant growth hormones?

Growth promoters stimulate growth, while growth inhibitors regulate growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of Naphthalene acetic acid in agricultural practices?

As a rooting hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of sex pheromone in the spruce budworm?

To attract a mate Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high dissolving power of water on its composition?

It always contains dissolved ionic substances Signup and view all the answers