Organ Failure and Circulating Volume
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Questions and Answers

What are the two main reasons for low urine output in sepsis?

Decreased perfusion to the kidneys and inadequate fluid volume.

The main problem in sepsis is a lack of circulating volume.

False (B)

A low urine output in sepsis is a sign of poor blood flow to the kidneys.

True (A)

In sepsis, the use of inotropes is more effective than the use of vasopressors.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The acronym ______ is used to remember the critical steps in the management of sepsis.

<p>BUFFALO</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does BUFFALO stand for?

<p>Bloods, Urine output, Fluids, Antibiotics, Lactate, Oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary outcome of a lack of circulating volume in sepsis?

<p>Organ failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three components of the generalized indicators of sepsis, as outlined in the acronym A-E?

<p>Airway, Breathing, Circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inotropes are used to improve vascular tone in sepsis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of vasopressors in sepsis?

<p>To improve vascular tone and increase blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lack of circulating volume

Lack of circulating blood volume leading to reduced organ perfusion, ultimately causing organ failure and even death if untreated.

3 in, 3 out

An acronym used for sepsis management, focusing on immediate interventions.

Fluid

Fluid resuscitation is crucial in sepsis to restore adequate circulating volume.

Antibiotics

Antibiotics are vital to combat the underlying infection that triggers the sepsis.

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Oxygen

Oxygen supplementation ensures proper organ perfusion and oxygenation for the body.

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Full venous bloods

Comprehensive blood tests help determine the severity of sepsis and guide treatment.

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Urine output

Monitoring urine output is vital in sepsis, indicating kidney function and overall fluid balance.

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Measure lactate

Lactate levels are a crucial indicator of tissue perfusion and can guide on the severity of sepsis.

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BUFALO

An alternative acronym for sepsis management, focusing on various interventions required.

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Airway

Maintaining an open airway is essential in sepsis, as it ensures oxygen delivery to the body.

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Tachypnoea

Tachypnoea is rapid breathing, often an early indicator of sepsis.

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Poor SpO2 trace

Low SpO2 on a pulse oximeter reading can indicate inadequate oxygenation, a red flag in sepsis.

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Tachycardia

Tachycardia is rapid heartbeat, often a sign of sepsis.

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Hypotension

Hypotension is low blood pressure, a critical complication of sepsis.

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Prolonged Capillary Refill Time (CRT)

Prolonged capillary refill time indicates poor blood flow, a hallmark of sepsis.

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Hyperthermic

Hyperthermia, or increased body temperature, can accompany sepsis.

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Cool Peripheries

Cool Peripheries indicate poor blood flow to the extremities, another sign of sepsis.

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AVPU scale

AVPU scale describes a patient's level of consciousness, crucial in assessing sepsis severity.

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Purpuric rash

Purpuric rash is a non-blanching rash, indicative of blood leaking from vessels in sepsis.

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Over-production of Cytokines and inflammatory mediators

Overproduction of inflammatory mediators by the immune system triggers the cascading events of sepsis.

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Increased capillary permeability

Increased capillary permeability leads to fluid leakage and reduced circulating volume in sepsis.

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Vaso-dilation

Vaso-dilation is the widening of blood vessels, contributing to the decreased blood pressure in sepsis.

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Shock

Sepsis can lead to shock, a state where the body's organs are not receiving enough blood flow.

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Heart rate increases

The heart rate increases to compensate for reduced blood pressure in sepsis.

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Adrenaline release

Adrenaline release is part of the body's sympathetic response to sepsis.

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Broad spectrum antibiotics

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are commonly used in sepsis to target a wide range of potential pathogens.

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Crystalloid fluid

Crystalloid fluids are often the first-line treatment for sepsis, aiming to restore circulating volume.

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Human albumin solution (HAS)

Human albumin solution is used in severe sepsis to improve blood volume and pressure.

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Noradrenaline

Noradrenaline is a vasopressor used to constrict blood vessels and increase blood pressure in sepsis.

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Dobutamine

Dobutamine is an inotrope used to increase the heart's contractility in sepsis.

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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a life-threatening condition where tiny clots form in blood vessels, blocking blood flow.

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Metabolic Acidosis

Metabolic Acidosis is a condition that develops when the body's pH becomes too acidic, a consequence of sepsis.

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Study Notes

  • Lack of circulating volume reduces organ perfusion, leading to organ failure (multiple organ failure) and, without proper treatment, death.

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Description

This quiz explores the critical relationship between circulating volume and organ perfusion. Understand how a lack of circulating volume can lead to organ failure, multiple organ failure, and the potential consequences of untreated conditions. Test your knowledge on the importance of proper treatment in preventing death due to organ failure.

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