Questions and Answers
How many elements are there in the first period of the Periodic Table?
Which element starts the second period in the Periodic Table?
How many electrons are there in the boron atom's 2p orbital?
Which element marks the beginning of the third period in the Periodic Table?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the electron configuration of scandium (Z = 21)?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the energy of the available orbitals 4d, 5s, and 5p increase?
Signup and view all the answers
At what element do the 3d orbitals start to get filled in the Periodic Table?
Signup and view all the answers
How many electrons can be accommodated in the available orbitals with a total of 9 orbitals?
Signup and view all the answers
Which element in Group 1 has the electronic configuration [He]2s^1?
Signup and view all the answers
In which block do elements have similar chemical behavior because they have the same number and distribution of electrons in their outermost orbitals?
Signup and view all the answers
Why do elements in the same group or column exhibit similar properties?
Signup and view all the answers
What determines the periodic dependence of an element's properties according to the text?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor does not affect the valence shell of an element?
Signup and view all the answers
What affects the size of isoelectronic species like F-, Ne, and Na+?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement about ionization enthalpy is incorrect?
Signup and view all the answers
What does each block in the periodic table represent?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the valence principal quantum number (n) primarily determine?
Signup and view all the answers
For which element would you expect the biggest jump in ionization enthalpy when removing an electron?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Periodic Table Structure
- The first period of the Periodic Table has 2 elements.
- The second period of the Periodic Table starts with lithium (Li).
- The third period of the Periodic Table starts with sodium (Na).
Atomic Orbitals
- A boron atom's 2p orbital has 1 electron.
- The energy of the available orbitals 4d, 5s, and 5p increases in the order: 5s < 4d < 5p.
- The 3d orbitals start to get filled at scandium (Sc, Z = 21).
Electron Configuration
- Scandium (Z = 21) has the electron configuration [Ar]3d¹4s².
- Lithium (Li) in Group 1 has the electronic configuration [He]2s¹.
Periodic Trends
- Elements in the same group or column exhibit similar properties due to the same number and distribution of electrons in their outermost orbitals.
- The periodic dependence of an element's properties is determined by the electron configuration.
Blocks in the Periodic Table
- Elements in the same block have similar chemical behavior due to the same number and distribution of electrons in their outermost orbitals.
Ionization Enthalpy
- The size of isoelectronic species like F-, Ne, and Na+ is affected by the nuclear charge.
- Ionization enthalpy increases with increasing nuclear charge.
Valence Shell
- The valence principal quantum number (n) primarily determines the energy level of an electron.
- The valence shell is not affected by the atomic radius.
Ionization Enthalpy Exceptions
- The statement "ionization enthalpy always increases from left to right in a period" is incorrect.
- The biggest jump in ionization enthalpy when removing an electron is expected for boron (B).
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on the order of energy of 4d, 5s, and 5p orbitals, as well as the maximum number of electrons in an orbital. Explore groupwise electronic configurations and the relationship between vertical columns in the periodic table.
