Types of Orbitals and Electron Transitions

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Which type of orbital has a different shape from the others?

f

In what process are photons released when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower one?

Emission

Which type of spectrum displays lines at specific frequencies of emitted photons?

Emission Spectrum

What type of spectrum shows black lines for 'missing' frequencies of absorbed photons?

<p>Absorption Spectrum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quantity is proportional to frequency with Planck's constant?

<p>Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quantum value is mentioned in the text as being conserved during electron transitions?

<p>Angular Momentum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Plum Pudding Model and the Electron Shell Model of atomic structure?

<p>Presence of a central nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment led to the discovery of the Electron Shell Model of atomic structure?

<p>Rutherford scattering experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What part of an atom contains almost the entire mass of the atom?

<p>Protons and neutrons in the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a neutral atom, what is the relationship between the number of electrons and protons?

<p>Equal in number</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phenomenon occurs when not all nuclei of elements are stable due to an imbalance in the ratio of protons and neutrons?

<p>Radiation emission</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emitted when an atom releases excess protons, neutrons, or both?

<p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does first ionisation energy increase along a Period in the Periodic Table?

<p>Due to a decreasing atomic radius and greater electrostatic forces of attraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does first ionisation energy decrease down a Group in the Periodic Table?

<p>Due to an increasing atomic radius and increasing shielding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a sudden large increase in successive ionisation energies indicate?

<p>A change in energy level.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the first ionisation energy of aluminium lower than expected?

<p>Due to a higher energy level electron in the 3p orbital.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do electrons in orbitals represent?

<p>Electrons held in clouds of negative charge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What supports the atomic orbital theory according to the text?

<p>Sudden large increase in successive ionisation energies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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