Oral Pathology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of an oblique facial cleft?

Premature arrest of fusion between maxillary and lateral nasal processes

Incomplete fusion of maxillary and lateral nasal processes (correct)

Excessive fusion between maxillary and mandibular processes

Complete absence of the jaw

Which condition is characterized by a large jaw and can be congenital or acquired?

Macrognathia (correct)

Cleft lip

Agnathia

Micrognathia

Which type of cleft lip extends completely to the nose?

Bilateral Complete (correct)

Bilateral Incomplete

Unilateral Complete (correct)

Unilateral Incomplete

What distinguishes micrognathia from relative micrognathia?

Micrognathia involves actual small jaw versus jaw position Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathogenesis of macrostomia?

Premature arrest of fusion between maxillary and mandibular processes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a true form of macrognathia?

Relative macrognathia Signup and view all the answers

What type of developmental disturbance results from environmental factors and heredity affecting the upper lip?

Cleft lip Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes agnathia from macrognathia?

Agnathia is characterized by the absence of the jaw Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical feature of Median Rhomboid Glossitis?

Depapillated tongue Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is generally used for Atrophic Candidiasis associated with Median Rhomboid Glossitis?

Antifungal medications Signup and view all the answers

What is a common etiology associated with Hairy Tongue?

Gastric upset Signup and view all the answers

Which description best fits the clinical picture of Geographic Tongue?

Red patches with a yellowish border Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the yellowish white elevation seen in a Lingual Thyroid Nodule?

It may turn to adenocarcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What common feature aids in diagnosing Geographic Tongue?

Desquamation of filliform papillae Signup and view all the answers

Which is a treatment method for a Lingual Thyroid Nodule if thyroid tissue is absent?

Transplantation of thyroid tissue Signup and view all the answers

What type of sensation is commonly associated with conditions like Geographic Tongue and Median Rhomboid Glossitis?

Burning sensation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pathogenesis of bilateral mixed clefts?

Incomplete fusion between maxillary and medial nasal processes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a significant consequence of cleft lip?

Poor appearance Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes congenital lip pits?

Epithelial lined depressions in the vermillion border Signup and view all the answers

Melkerson-Rosenthal Syndrome is associated with which of the following symptoms?

Facial paralysis Signup and view all the answers

Which syndrome is characterized by multiple large intestine polyps and osteomas?

Gardner Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the etiology of cleft palate is true?

Both hereditary and environmental factors can contribute. Signup and view all the answers

What feature is characteristic of a torus palatinus?

A hereditary developmental hamartoma Signup and view all the answers

Incomplete fusion between palatine processes can result in which of the following?

Alveolar cleft Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary significance of conditions like aglossia?

It can impact speech, swallowing, and mastication. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by a tongue with scalloped borders?

Acquired Macroglossia Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes congenital macroglossia from acquired macroglossia?

Border smoothness. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is defined by the partial or complete cleft of the tongue?

Cleft Tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of acquired ankyloglossia?

Trauma. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT typically associated with fissured tongue?

Genetic mutation Signup and view all the answers

What can result from hypermobility of the frenum in the context of tongue conditions?

Potential suffocation and death. Signup and view all the answers

What primary tissues are found in the histopathology of certain bony lesions covered by thin mucosa?

Cancellous bone with layers of compact bone. Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with hereditary etiology specifically?

Macrognathia Signup and view all the answers

What is the etiology of Microstomia?

Hereditary Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT classified under congenital disturbances?

Fissured Tongue Signup and view all the answers

What common factor contributes to Cleft Palate and Cleft Lip?

Both hereditary and environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is specifically linked to acquired etiology?

Median Rhomboid Glossitis Signup and view all the answers

Aglossia is characterized by what primary condition?

Absence of the tongue Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is associated with cretinism?

Macroglossia Signup and view all the answers

What underlying issue typically leads to Fissured Tongue?

Chronic trauma Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is primarily classified as a hereditary hamartoma?

Torus Palatinus Signup and view all the answers

Which condition indicates an issue related to the migration process during development?

Lingual Thyroid Nodule Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Congenital Disorders

Congenital disorders are conditions present at birth.
Hereditary conditions are passed down through genes.
Genetic conditions arise from problems in chromosomes.
Autosomal conditions involve non-sex chromosomes.
Sex-linked conditions involve X or Y chromosomes.
Acquired conditions develop after birth.
Teratogens are substances that cause birth defects.

Developmental Facial Disturbances

Oblique facial cleft runs from inner eye to nose/upper lip.
Pathogenesis involves incomplete fusion of maxillary and lateral nasal processes.
Transverse facial cleft runs from mouth angle to ear tragus.
May be unilateral or bilateral, Pathogenesis involves incomplete fusion of maxillary and mandibular processes.
Macrostomia is a large mouth.
Pathogenesis involves premature fusion of maxillary and mandibular processes.
Microstomia is a small mouth.
Pathogenesis involves excessive fusion of maxillary and mandibular processes.

Developmental Jaw Disturbances

Agnathia is the complete or partial absence of a jaw, and is rare.
Macrognathica refers to a large jaw; may be congenital or acquired.
Possible causes include Paget's disease or Acromegaly.
Micrognathica relates to a small jaw; may also congenital or acquired.
Possible causes include trauma, infection.

Developmental Lip Disturbances

Cleft lip is a congenital developmental disorder affecting the lip.
Etiology includes hereditary and environmental factors.
Upper lip clefts can be unilateral complete, unilateral incomplete (notch), bilateral complete, bilateral incomplete, or bilateral mixed, with varying degrees of severity.
Pathogenesis involves incomplete fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes.
Median cleft is a rare type that involves incomplete fusion of medial nasal processes.
Lower lip may also exhibit a median cleft.
Pathogenesis involves incomplete fusion of mandibular processes.

Developmental Tongue Disturbances

Aglossia is the congenital absence of the tongue.
Pathogenesis involves the failure of development of two lateral lingual swellings.
Macroglossia is a condition involving an abnormally large tongue, which may be congenital or acquired.
Possible causes of congenital macroglossia include cretinism, mongolism, lymphangioma/hemangioma, or fibrous/muscular hypertrophy.
Acquired causes involve myxedema, acromegaly, tumors, or chronic infections.
Microglossia is a congenital condition of a small tongue, often associated with hypoplasia of the mandible.
Ankyloglossia (tongue tie) is a developmental defect that limits tongue movement.
Complete, partial and acquired ankyloglossia are types of this defect.
Cleft tongue is a congenital defect characterized by complete or partial clefting, arising from incomplete fusion between lateral lingual swellings.
Fissured tongue is an acquired condition with symmetrical or semi-symmetrical grooves on the tongue's dorsal surface.
Etiology includes chronic trauma, vitamin deficiency, smoking, syphilis, or stress.
Clinical presentation includes a depapillated appearance, burning sensation, and/or irregular fissures.

Palatine Cleft

Cleft palate may be pre-alveolar (cleft lip) , alveolar, or post-alveolar (cleft palate).
Etiology involves hereditary and environmental factors.
Post-alveolar cleft palate develops due to incomplete fusion of palatine processes.
Cleft palate may involve uvula, unilateral, or bilateral involvement.

Torus Palatinus

Torus palatinus is a congenital, hereditary developmental hamartoma.
The tissue is normal but excessive.
It's typically asymptomatic, lobulated, and covered with intact mucosa.
Histopathology reveals compact or cancellous bone, covered by a layer of compact bone.
Significance is the need for removal in edentulous patients.

Other Developmental Disorders

Additional disorders include geographic tongue (erythema migrans/migratory glossitis) characterized by desquamation of filiform papillae, and hairy tongue, characterized by excessive filiform papilla proliferation.
Median rhomboid glossitis is an inflammatory condition in the middle of the tongue, characterized by a depapillated tongue, redness, elevation, and a rhomboid or rounded shape.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various conditions related to oral and facial anomalies, including cleft lip, macrognathia, and glossitis. This quiz covers causes, characteristics, and treatments associated with these disorders, providing insight into their pathogenesis and clinical features.