Oral Pathology - MDA WB Flashcards Chapter 17

Questions and Answers

What is pathology?

The study of disease.

What is a pathologic site considered to be?

Lesion

What does erosion refer to in medical terms?

The wearing away of tissue.

What is a cyst?

A closed cell or pouch with a definite wall. Signup and view all the answers

What is an abscess?

A localized collection of pus anywhere in the body. Signup and view all the answers

What is a hematoma?

A swelling or mass of blood collected in one area or organ. Signup and view all the answers

What is ecchymosis?

The medical term for bruising. Signup and view all the answers

What is a granuloma?

A granular tumor or growth. Signup and view all the answers

What is leukoplakia?

The formation of white spots or patches on the mucosa. Signup and view all the answers

What is lichen planus?

A benign, chronic disease that affects the skin and oral mucosa. Signup and view all the answers

What is candidiasis?

A superficial infection that is caused by a yeast-like fungus. Signup and view all the answers

What is cellulitis?

The inflammation of cellular or connective tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What does glossitis refer to?

Inflammation of the tongue. Signup and view all the answers

What is carcinoma?

A malignant tumor in epithelial tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is a sarcoma?

A malignant tumor in connective tissue such as muscle or bone. Signup and view all the answers

What is leukemia?

A malignant disease of the blood-forming organs. Signup and view all the answers

What is xerostomia?

Dryness of the mouth caused by reduction of saliva. Signup and view all the answers

What is a congenital disorder?

A disorder that is present at birth. Signup and view all the answers

What is a biopsy?

The removal of tissue from living patients for diagnostic examination. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to metastasize?

The spreading of disease from one part of the body to another. Signup and view all the answers

What is meth mouth?

The advanced tooth decay caused by the heavy use of methamphetamine. Signup and view all the answers

What type of lesions are below the surface?

Ulcers Signup and view all the answers

What type of lesions are above the surface?

Blisters Signup and view all the answers

What type of lesions are even with the surface?

Bruises Signup and view all the answers

What condition appears as a white patch or area?

Leukoplakia Signup and view all the answers

What condition results from an infection caused by a yeast-like fungus?

Candidiasis Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for 'canker sore'?

Aphthous ulcer Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition in which inflammation causes severe pain and high fever?

Cellulitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for inflammation of the tongue?

Glossitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition in which a pattern on the tongue changes?

Geographic tongue Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition in which the body does not absorb vitamin B12?

Pernicious anemia Signup and view all the answers

What type of cancer affects the blood-forming organs?

Leukemia Signup and view all the answers

What is a common precancerous lesion among users of smokeless tobacco?

Leukoplakia Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a malignant lesion in the epithelial tissue of the oral cavity?

Carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What causes radiation caries?

Lack of saliva Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition frequently seen on the lateral border of the tongue of patients with HIV/AIDS?

Hairy Leukoplakia Signup and view all the answers

What opportunistic infection is seen as purplish-colored lesions on the skin or oral mucosa of patients with HIV/AIDS?

Kaposi's Sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the malignant condition that involves the lymph nodes of patients with HIV/AIDS?

Lymphadenopathy Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for abnormally large jaws?

Macrognathia Signup and view all the answers

What is the name for bony growths in the palate?

Torus palatinus Signup and view all the answers

What is a more common term for ankyloglossia?

Tongue-tie Signup and view all the answers

What is the dental term for 'tooth within a tooth'?

Dens in dente Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for abnormally small teeth?

Microdontia Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe two teeth joining together?

Fusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the hereditary abnormality in which there are hypoplasia-type defects in the enamel formation?

Amelogenesis imperfecta Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential complication of oral-facial piercing?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What factor(s) can cause meth mouth?

Consumption of sugary soft drinks, lack of saliva caused by the drug, and clenching and grinding of the teeth. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pathology and Lesions

Pathology encompasses the study of disease, aiding in understanding various health conditions.
A lesion refers to a pathologic site indicating damage or abnormality in tissue.

Tissue Changes and Conditions

Erosion is characterized by the gradual wearing away of tissue.
Cysts are closed sacs or pouches with distinct walls that can form in various body parts.
An abscess is a localized accumulation of pus that signifies infection.
Hematoma is a mass of blood collected in a specific area or organ, often resulting from trauma.

Ecchymosis is the medical term for bruising, which indicates bleeding under the skin.
Granuloma represents a granular growth or tumor, often associated with inflammation.
Leukoplakia manifests as white patches on mucosal surfaces, potentially precancerous.
Lichen planus affects both skin and oral mucosa, causing distinctive lesions.

Oral Pathologies and Infections

Candidiasis is a superficial infection caused by yeast-like fungi, often affecting the oral cavity.
Cellulitis involves inflammation of connective tissue, typically presenting with pain and fever.
Glossitis indicates inflammation of the tongue, often linked to nutritional deficiencies or irritants.

Cancer and Malignancies

Carcinoma denotes malignant tumors originating from epithelial tissues.
Sarcoma refers to malignant tumors derived from connective tissues such as muscle or bone.
Leukemia is a cancer affecting the blood-forming organs, leading to abnormal blood cell production.

Oral Conditions and Structural Abnormalities

Xerostomia indicates dry mouth due to reduced saliva production, influencing oral health.
Congenital disorders are conditions present at birth and can affect oral structures.

Diagnostic Procedures

A biopsy is the process of removing tissue from living patients for diagnostic analysis.

Disease Progression and Characteristics

Metastasize refers to the spread of disease from one body part to another, often seen in advanced cancers.
Meth mouth describes extensive tooth decay associated with methamphetamine use, leading to severe dental issues.

Specified Lesion Types

Ulcers represent lesions that occur below the mucosal surface.
Blisters indicate lesions that form above the tissue surface.
Bruises are flat lesions that occur level with the skin.

Prevalent Conditions and Their Impact

Hairy leukoplakia arises on the tongue's lateral border, often seen in individuals with HIV/AIDS.
Kaposi's sarcoma appears as purplish lesions in patients with HIV/AIDS and signifies opportunistic infection.
Lymphadenopathy involves swollen lymph nodes, often indicative of malignancy.

Anomalies and Abnormal Growths

Macrognathia refers to abnormally large jaws, impacting aesthetics and functionality.
Torus palatinus is characterized by bony growths in the palate area.
Ankyloglossia, commonly known as tongue-tie, restricts tongue movement due to a short frenulum.

Dental Developmental Abnormalities

"Dens in dente" translates to "tooth within a tooth," a developmental anomaly.
Microdontia signifies unusually small teeth, affecting dental aesthetics.
Fusion describes the joining of two teeth, which can impact dental alignment.

Hereditary Conditions

Amelogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary defect resulting in enamel hypoplasia and compromised dental integrity.

Complications from Oral Practices

Potential complications from oral-facial piercings include infections, chipped teeth, and broken teeth.
Factors contributing to meth mouth include sugary drink consumption, reduced saliva, and dental grinding or clenching.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key terms in oral pathology with these flashcards from Chapter 17. Each card presents essential definitions and concepts that are critical for understanding diseases affecting the oral cavity. Perfect for dental students and professionals looking to brush up on their terminology.