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Questions and Answers
Atrophic glossitis refers to papillary atrophy of the tongue, characterized by an absence of filiform and ______ papillae.
fungiform
A ______ is a pathologic cavity lined with epithelium and usually containing fluid or semi-solid material in the lumen.
cyst
Developmental odontogenic cysts arise from the epithelium of the tooth-forming apparatus and are not inflammatory in nature, and thus are to be distinguished from periapical (radicular) ______.
cysts
Leukoplakia is a diagnosis of exclusion —occurring after other white lesions such as frictional keratosis, hyperplastic candidiasis, and smoker’s ______ have been ruled out.
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In 1978, WHO defined oral erythroplakia as 'bright red, velvety plaques which cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as being due to any other ______.'
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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) is the most common oral ______. The lateral border of the tongue, oropharynx, and floor of the mouth are the most common sites.
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________ ulcers result from a cut, abrasion, or irritation of the mucosa
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________ is a term referring to a microscopic layer of thickened parakeratin and/or orthokeratin of the oral mucosal epithelium
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________ is an overgrowth of young, highly vascular granulation tissue; it is a reaction to chronic irritation or dental plaque
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The term “fibroma” usually refers to a reactive overgrowth of fibrous tissue and is not a true ________
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A ________ consists of extravasated blood pooling under the epithelium or deep in the connective tissue or muscle, usually as a result of blunt trauma
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______ is a small abscess on the gingiva, originating from an apical or periodontal abscess, sometimes called a “gumboil.” Clinically, it is a localized and often acute swelling on the gingiva with fluctuation
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The common clinical term used for mucous extravasation phenomenon is ______.
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A mucous extravasation phenomenon associated with the submandibular or sublingual glands and located in the floor of the mouth is known as a ______.
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Salivary stones are most commonly found in the ______ gland.
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Hyposalivation (hypoptyalism) is defined as a diminished secretion of ______.
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Xerostomia or dry mouth may be caused by a primary degenerative or autoimmune disease that affects the salivary ______.
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Secondary xerostomia is frequently a side effect of some medications, dehydration, and ______ imbalances.
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Study Notes
Glossitis and Cysts
- Atrophic glossitis involves papillary atrophy of the tongue, marked by absence of filiform and fungiform papillae.
- A cyst is a pathologic cavity lined with epithelium, typically containing fluid or semi-solid material.
- Developmental odontogenic cysts originate from the tooth-forming apparatus epithelium and are non-inflammatory, differing from periapical (radicular) cysts.
Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia
- Leukoplakia is a diagnosis of exclusion, typically confirmed once other white lesions such as frictional keratosis, hyperplastic candidiasis, and smoker’s keratosis are ruled out.
- In 1978, the WHO categorized oral erythroplakia as “bright red, velvety plaques” which cannot be characterized by other clinical or pathological conditions.
Cancer and Ulcers
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) ranks as the most common oral cancer, with frequent occurrences on the lateral border of the tongue, oropharynx, and floor of the mouth.
- Traumatic ulcers arise from cuts, abrasions, or irritation of the mucosal surface.
Mucosal Changes and Growths
- Hyperkeratosis refers to a microscopic layer of thickened parakeratin and/or orthokeratin within the oral mucosal epithelium.
- Granulation tissue overgrowth, often a reaction to chronic irritation or dental plaque, is termed epulis.
Reactive Growths and Hemorrhages
- "Fibroma" denotes a reactive fibrous tissue overgrowth, which is not a true neoplasm.
- A hematoma consists of pooled extravasated blood under the epithelium or within connective tissue, typically due to blunt trauma.
Abscesses and Mucosal Phenomena
- A dental abscess, often referred to as a “gumboil,” is localized swelling on the gingiva originating from an apical or periodontal source.
- The mucous extravasation phenomenon, commonly observed, results from saliva pooling due to gland obstruction.
Salivary Glands and Secretion Issues
- A mucous extravasation associated with the submandibular or sublingual glands is located in the floor of the mouth.
- Salivary stones are most frequently found in the submandibular gland.
- Hyposalivation (hypoptyalism) signifies reduced saliva production, impacting oral moisture and health.
- Xerostomia, or dry mouth, can result from degenerative or autoimmune diseases affecting salivary glands.
- Secondary xerostomia is often a side effect of medications, dehydration, or electrolyte imbalances.
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Description
Test your knowledge on oral pathology and diseases with questions on topics like atrophic glossitis, odontogenic cysts, leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and squamous cell carcinoma.
