Podcast
Questions and Answers
When you're finished on ______, remember to log out.
When you're finished on ______, remember to log out.
matrix
You can also use ______ to exit.
You can also use ______ to exit.
ctrl-D
The command prompt will often contain useful information, but usually in a ______ format.
The command prompt will often contain useful information, but usually in a ______ format.
terse
Every user has a default “______ directory” (default folder).
Every user has a default “______ directory” (default folder).
A ______ sign indicates a normal user in the Linux default command prompt.
A ______ sign indicates a normal user in the Linux default command prompt.
In Linux, the command __________ is the most commonly used command to display a list of files and subdirectories in the current directory.
In Linux, the command __________ is the most commonly used command to display a list of files and subdirectories in the current directory.
You can use Windows CMD window to run the ______ command.
You can use Windows CMD window to run the ______ command.
To change to the parent directory, you need to use the command __________.
To change to the parent directory, you need to use the command __________.
You can download and install a third party ______ client program, such as SSH Secure Shell Client or PuTTY.
You can download and install a third party ______ client program, such as SSH Secure Shell Client or PuTTY.
The command __________ in Windows is equivalent to the command ls in Linux.
The command __________ in Windows is equivalent to the command ls in Linux.
Open a Windows CMD window, and then type the following command and press the enter key: ______ [email protected]
Open a Windows CMD window, and then type the following command and press the enter key: ______ [email protected]
In Linux, the command __________ -l is used to display a detailed list of files and subdirectories in the current directory.
In Linux, the command __________ -l is used to display a detailed list of files and subdirectories in the current directory.
You should see a prompt from ______ something like this: [senecausername@mtrx-node01pd ~]$
You should see a prompt from ______ something like this: [senecausername@mtrx-node01pd ~]$
When you are working in __________, you would need to list the contents of a directory often.
When you are working in __________, you would need to list the contents of a directory often.
If you encounter an error message, and don’t get properly logged in to ______ – don’t worry!
If you encounter an error message, and don’t get properly logged in to ______ – don’t worry!
Most lab computers have ______ 10 installed on them.
Most lab computers have ______ 10 installed on them.
Linux is available on a server cluster called ______.
Linux is available on a server cluster called ______.
The ______ server consists of several computers running CentOS, all working together to form a cluster.
The ______ server consists of several computers running CentOS, all working together to form a cluster.
All registered students in this course have access to an account on ______.
All registered students in this course have access to an account on ______.
The matrix cluster has been configured to allow users to only interact with the Linux OS using a ______ line interface (CLI).
The matrix cluster has been configured to allow users to only interact with the Linux OS using a ______ line interface (CLI).
The command to display the calendar is ______ in Linux.
The command to display the calendar is ______ in Linux.
The command to print the name of the current user is ______ in Linux.
The command to print the name of the current user is ______ in Linux.
In Linux, the topmost directory is the ______ (/).
In Linux, the topmost directory is the ______ (/).
The command to list information about files and folders is ______ in Linux.
The command to list information about files and folders is ______ in Linux.
The command to clear the terminal screen and show the prompt in the first line is ______ in Linux.
The command to clear the terminal screen and show the prompt in the first line is ______ in Linux.
Whenever a user opens a terminal, their ______ directory is their current working directory.
Whenever a user opens a terminal, their ______ directory is their current working directory.
We can navigate in the file system and change our ______ working directory any time using the cd command.
We can navigate in the file system and change our ______ working directory any time using the cd command.
In a CLI, we use the command cd to change our ______ working directory.
In a CLI, we use the command cd to change our ______ working directory.
The argument of the cd command can be any type of ______ (absolute, relative or relative to home).
The argument of the cd command can be any type of ______ (absolute, relative or relative to home).
The cd command can be used to change directory to your ______ directory.
The cd command can be used to change directory to your ______ directory.
Unix/Linux is ______ sensitive!
Unix/Linux is ______ sensitive!
Windows is not ______ sensitive for file names.
Windows is not ______ sensitive for file names.
Make your file and folder/directory names ______.
Make your file and folder/directory names ______.
Avoid using ______ in file names – consider periods, hyphens, and underscores instead.
Avoid using ______ in file names – consider periods, hyphens, and underscores instead.
A standard Linux distribution follows a ______ structure.
A standard Linux distribution follows a ______ structure.
/bin contains ______ system binaries.
/bin contains ______ system binaries.
/usr is also called ______, where user related programs live.
/usr is also called ______, where user related programs live.
/usr/sbin contains ______ utilities for system administration.
/usr/sbin contains ______ utilities for system administration.
/etc contains ______ configuration files.
/etc contains ______ configuration files.
The ______ directory is the top of the file system hierarchy.
The ______ directory is the top of the file system hierarchy.
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Study Notes
Matrix and SSH
- When finishing work on Matrix, remember to log out using the exit or logout commands to disconnect from Matrix.
- Ctrl-D can also be used to exit, as it means "end of file".
Command Prompt
- Command line interfaces usually start each line with a prompt string before waiting for a command to be typed.
- The prompt string often contains useful information in a terse format.
Linux Default Command Prompt
- A common default bash shell prompt string includes:
- Username of the current user
- Local name of the computer
- Shorthand for the user's home directory (~)
- A dollar sign ($) indicating a normal user
- A hash or number sign (#) indicating administrator permissions ("root" permissions)
Windows CMD Default Command Prompt
- The standard Windows CMD prompt string indicates the current directory, usually the home directory of the user.
Accessing Matrix from Windows
- Windows 10 or newer versions can use the Windows CMD window to run the ssh command.
- Third-party SSH client programs, such as SSH Secure Shell Client or PuTTY, can also be used.
Connecting to Matrix from Windows CMD
- Open a Windows CMD window and type the command "ssh [email protected]" (replace senecausername with actual username).
- Type "yes" and press enter to confirm the "fingerprint" of Matrix.
- Type the Seneca password at the password prompt and press enter.
Simple Commands to Start With
- The command ls is used to display a list of files and subdirectories in the current directory or any other directory in Linux.
- The equivalent command in Windows is dir.
Checking File Types in Linux with ls
- Use ls -l (detailed listing) to indicate file types:
-
- (hyphen) for a regular file
- b for a device special file
- d for a directory
- l for a symbolic link (like a Windows shortcut)
- p for a named pipe, for inter-process communication (IPC)
- s for a Unix domain socket, also for IPC
Summary
- Introduction to Matrix and SSH
- Simple commands
- Hierarchical file systems
- Files and folders (directories)
- Pathnames (absolute, relative, relative to home)
- Current working directory and directory contents
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