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Questions and Answers
What is flexion?
What is flexion?
- Movement that reduces the angle between articulating elements (correct)
- Movement away from the midline of the body
- Movement towards the midline of the body
- Movement that increases the angle between articulating elements
What is abduction?
What is abduction?
- Extending the ankle
- Movement away from the midline of the body (correct)
- Movement towards the midline of the body
- Flexion of the ankle
What occurs during pronation?
What occurs during pronation?
- Twisting motion of the foot turns the sole inward
- Twisting motion of the foot turns the sole outward
- Wrist and hand rotate from palm-facing-back to palm-facing-front
- Wrist and hand rotate from palm-facing-front to palm-facing-back (correct)
What is inversion?
What is inversion?
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What does plantar flexion do?
What does plantar flexion do?
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What is protraction?
What is protraction?
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What is circumduction?
What is circumduction?
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Study Notes
Oppositional Movement Terminology
- Flexion: Reduces the angle between articulating elements in the anterior-posterior plane.
- Extension: Increases the angle between articulating elements in the same plane.
Abduction and Adduction
- Abduction: Movement away from the midline of the body in the frontal plane.
- Adduction: Movement towards the midline of the body.
Pronation and Supination
- Pronation: Rotates the wrist and hand from palm-facing front to palm-facing back.
- Supination: Rotates the wrist and hand from palm-facing back to palm-facing front.
Inversion and Eversion
- Inversion: Twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole inward.
- Eversion: Twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole outward.
Plantar Flexion and Dorsiflexion
- Plantar Flexion: Extends the ankle and elevates the heel, such as when standing on tiptoes.
- Dorsiflexion: Flexes the ankle and elevates the sole, similar to "digging in heels."
Protraction and Retraction
- Protraction: Moves a body part anteriorly in the horizontal plane.
- Retraction: Moves a body part posteriorly in the horizontal plane.
Circumduction
- Circumduction: A type of angular motion involving rotating a joint in a circular manner, such as moving an arm in a loop while drawing a large circle.
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