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Questions and Answers
Why might larger doses of opioid antagonists be required when administering them to patients who have used buprenorphine, butorphanol, nalbuphine or pentazocine?
Why might larger doses of opioid antagonists be required when administering them to patients who have used buprenorphine, butorphanol, nalbuphine or pentazocine?
- These drugs inhibit the absorption of opioid antagonists, reducing their bioavailability.
- These drugs have a higher binding affinity to opioid receptors, requiring more antagonist to displace them. (correct)
- These drugs increase the rate of metabolism of opioid antagonists, reducing their effectiveness.
- These drugs cause a paradoxical potentiation of opioid effects, necessitating a larger dose of antagonist.
Which of the following best describes why opioid antagonists are administered in cases of acute opioid overdose?
Which of the following best describes why opioid antagonists are administered in cases of acute opioid overdose?
- To directly neutralize the opioid molecule, rendering it inactive.
- To temporarily block opioid receptors, reversing the adverse effect of opioid use. (correct)
- To induce rapid metabolism of the opioid, thus lowering its concentration in the blood.
- To permanently reverse the effects of opioids, ensuring no further opioid activity.
A patient recovering from surgery experiences reversed analgesia and central nervous system excitement. Which class of drugs is most likely responsible for these effects?
A patient recovering from surgery experiences reversed analgesia and central nervous system excitement. Which class of drugs is most likely responsible for these effects?
- Opioid antagonists (correct)
- Local anesthetics
- Opioid agonists
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
What is the primary mechanism of action for opioid antagonists?
What is the primary mechanism of action for opioid antagonists?
A patient is being treated for opioid addiction with naltrexone. What is the intended effect of this medication?
A patient is being treated for opioid addiction with naltrexone. What is the intended effect of this medication?
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with the use of opioid antagonists?
Which of the following is a potential adverse effect associated with the use of opioid antagonists?
Why is it important to recognize that opioid antagonists only temporarily block opioid receptors?
Why is it important to recognize that opioid antagonists only temporarily block opioid receptors?
Which of the following opioid antagonists is commonly available as a nasal spray for emergency treatment of opioid overdose?
Which of the following opioid antagonists is commonly available as a nasal spray for emergency treatment of opioid overdose?
A patient with a history of chronic opioid use is given an opioid antagonist. What physiological response is most likely to occur?
A patient with a history of chronic opioid use is given an opioid antagonist. What physiological response is most likely to occur?
In which situation would methylnaltrexone, an opioid antagonist, be most appropriately used?
In which situation would methylnaltrexone, an opioid antagonist, be most appropriately used?
Flashcards
Opioid Antagonists
Opioid Antagonists
Temporarily blocks opioid receptors and effects of the opioid. It does NOT reverse.
Opioid Antagonist - Indication
Opioid Antagonist - Indication
Reversal of the adverse effects of opioid use and is a treatment of acute opioid overdose.
Opioid Antagonist - Adverse Effects
Opioid Antagonist - Adverse Effects
Acute opioid abstinence syndrome, CNS excitement and reversal of analgesia especially common after surgery.
Opioid Antagonist - Names
Opioid Antagonist - Names
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Study Notes
- Opioid antagonists temporarily block opioid receptors and the effects of opioids, but do not reverse them.
Names
- Naloxone (NARCAN) is an opioid antagonist.
- Naltrexone is an opioid antagonist.
- Nalmefene is an opioid antagonist.
- Methylnaltrexone is an opioid antagonist.
Indications
- Opioid antagonists can reverse the adverse effects of opioid use.
- They are also used in the treatment of acute opioid overdose.
Adverse Effects
- Opioid antagonists can cause acute opioid abstinence syndrome.
- They may also cause CNS excitement and reversal of analgesia, especially after surgery.
Drug-Drug
- Larger doses may be needed to reverse the effects of buprenorphine, butorphanol, nalbuphine, and pentazocine.
- Naloxone HCl Nasal Spray (4mg) is an emergency treatment for opioid overdose.
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