Opiates and Opioids: History and Uses

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What invention by Alexander Wood in 1853 led to a new and efficient way to administer drugs?

Hypodermic syringe

What addiction became known as the 'soldier’s disease' during the Civil War?

Morphine addiction

Which country is the main provider of heroin, as mentioned in the text?

Afghanistan

What is the recommended dose of morphine, as mentioned in the text?

<p>10-20mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance was quickly metabolized to morphine, as stated in the text?

<p>6-acetylmorphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of heroin is known as black tar heroin?

<p>Mexican Brown (base form)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the word 'narcotics'?

<p>Greek word meaning 'stupor'</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum?

<p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the 19th century, what was used as an opium tincture with no laws requiring labeling of its content?

<p>Laudanum</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region is NOT a major area of cultivation for Papaver somniferum?

<p>Colombia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of global opium production comes from Afghanistan?

<p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which countries is opium legally produced on government-regulated farms?

<p>India and Turkey</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT a common way of using opium?

<p>Injected</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main alkaloid responsible for the psychological effects and addiction in opium?

<p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was morphine isolated from opium?

<p>1800s</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the addiction of many soldiers during the Civil War?

<p>Administration of morphine for injuries and dysentery</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main form of morphine used by drug addicts?

<p>Injectable preparations</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country is the main provider of heroin?

<p>Afghanistan</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of administration for heroin that allows the drug to enter the bloodstream more quickly?

<p>Injecting</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is highly lipophilic and 3 times more active than morphine?

<p>Diacetylmorphine (Heroin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main alkaloid responsible for the psychological effects and addiction in opium?

<p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial purpose of recommending heroin as an anti-cough agent?

<p>Cough suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is obtained by semisynthesis and was mass-produced by the Bayer pharmaceutical company?

<p>Diacetylmorphine (Heroin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for dismantling four heroin production sites in the EU in 2020?

<p>Local heroin production</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary color and form of Heroin in SW Asia and Mexico?

<p>Black sticky substance, known as black tar heroin</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Laudanum?

<p>A type of opium tincture</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Opium?

<p>Painkiller</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which alkaloid is responsible for determining the quality of opium?

<p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the majority of global opium production located?

<p>Afghanistan</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main alkaloid responsible for the psychological effects and addiction in opium?

<p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is a common way of using opium?

<p>Smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

What substance is derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum?

<p>Morphine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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