Podcast
Questions and Answers
What kind of lens does not cause displacement of objects when moved in front of the eye?
What kind of lens does not cause displacement of objects when moved in front of the eye?
What is the average thickness of the sclera?
What is the average thickness of the sclera?
Where is the greatest thickness of the sclera generally found?
Where is the greatest thickness of the sclera generally found?
What type of disease should be suspected if a child's eyelids swell sharply after birth and release a liquid when opened?
What type of disease should be suspected if a child's eyelids swell sharply after birth and release a liquid when opened?
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What primarily causes scleral trophic changes?
What primarily causes scleral trophic changes?
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What are synechiae in the context of ocular conditions?
What are synechiae in the context of ocular conditions?
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What are precipitants in ocular conditions?
What are precipitants in ocular conditions?
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What is the initial treatment that should begin for iritis and iridocyclitis?
What is the initial treatment that should begin for iritis and iridocyclitis?
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What is symptomatic hemeropia?
What is symptomatic hemeropia?
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Functional hemerolopia develops when which condition is present?
Functional hemerolopia develops when which condition is present?
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What is the refractive power of the cornea?
What is the refractive power of the cornea?
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Which statement best characterizes visual acuity?
Which statement best characterizes visual acuity?
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Which of the following formulas correctly represents the C Snellen formula for visual acuity?
Which of the following formulas correctly represents the C Snellen formula for visual acuity?
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What is protanomalia?
What is protanomalia?
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What defines a blind spot in vision?
What defines a blind spot in vision?
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What is the definition of scotoma?
What is the definition of scotoma?
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What is the purpose of using mydriatics in cases of iridocyclitis?
What is the purpose of using mydriatics in cases of iridocyclitis?
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What type of cataract is indicated by opacity of the lens located under its posterior capsule?
What type of cataract is indicated by opacity of the lens located under its posterior capsule?
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What is the preferred treatment for progressive pterygium?
What is the preferred treatment for progressive pterygium?
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What does aphakia refer to?
What does aphakia refer to?
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Which of the following is not used in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis?
Which of the following is not used in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis?
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How is a leucoma characterized in terms of appearance?
How is a leucoma characterized in terms of appearance?
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What is the average refractive power of the lens in diopters?
What is the average refractive power of the lens in diopters?
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What is the recommended action for a patient with immature cataracts and low visual acuity?
What is the recommended action for a patient with immature cataracts and low visual acuity?
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What describes the opacities associated with keratitis?
What describes the opacities associated with keratitis?
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What are the typical complaints associated with keratitis?
What are the typical complaints associated with keratitis?
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What visual field defect is associated with damage to the internal part of the chiasm?
What visual field defect is associated with damage to the internal part of the chiasm?
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If a subject reads a row of the Sivtsev table from 5 meters, what visual acuity do they have if d=25 m?
If a subject reads a row of the Sivtsev table from 5 meters, what visual acuity do they have if d=25 m?
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Which term refers to inflammation of the choroid proper?
Which term refers to inflammation of the choroid proper?
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What condition is indicated by the described symptoms in the child: fever, sore throat, and sharp hyperemia of the conjunctiva?
What condition is indicated by the described symptoms in the child: fever, sore throat, and sharp hyperemia of the conjunctiva?
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How long should each sign in the visual acuity table be demonstrated during an analysis?
How long should each sign in the visual acuity table be demonstrated during an analysis?
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Which method is NOT typically used for anesthesia in outpatient ophthalmologic procedures?
Which method is NOT typically used for anesthesia in outpatient ophthalmologic procedures?
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Which of the following describes the syndrome characterized by typical keratitis complaints with pericorneal injection?
Which of the following describes the syndrome characterized by typical keratitis complaints with pericorneal injection?
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What is one of the basic requirements for anesthesia in outpatient ophthalmology?
What is one of the basic requirements for anesthesia in outpatient ophthalmology?
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Which of the following is a risk associated with tracheotomy?
Which of the following is a risk associated with tracheotomy?
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Which anesthetic is known NOT to reduce intraocular pressure?
Which anesthetic is known NOT to reduce intraocular pressure?
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What focal length corresponds to a lens with a refractive power of 2.0 D?
What focal length corresponds to a lens with a refractive power of 2.0 D?
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Which type of lens causes objects to move in the opposite direction when moved in front of the eye?
Which type of lens causes objects to move in the opposite direction when moved in front of the eye?
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Which statement about d-tubocurarine and pancuronium is true concerning glaucoma patients?
Which statement about d-tubocurarine and pancuronium is true concerning glaucoma patients?
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What does NOT apply to the premedication used for strabismus surgery in children?
What does NOT apply to the premedication used for strabismus surgery in children?
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What determines the physical refraction of the eye?
What determines the physical refraction of the eye?
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Which of the following best describes astigmatism?
Which of the following best describes astigmatism?
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What is the visual acuity of a subject who can count fingers from 50 cm?
What is the visual acuity of a subject who can count fingers from 50 cm?
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What method is used for determining refraction objectively?
What method is used for determining refraction objectively?
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Which condition is characterized by excessive refractive power or elongation of the eye's anterior-posterior axis?
Which condition is characterized by excessive refractive power or elongation of the eye's anterior-posterior axis?
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What best describes cycloplegia?
What best describes cycloplegia?
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What is the main cause of presbyopia?
What is the main cause of presbyopia?
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Study Notes
Questions and Answers
- Question 1: Surgical removal is performed in cases of progressive pterygium
- Question 1: Opacities in keratitis are typically white with no mirror gloss
- Question 1: In leucoma (white spot), opacities are white with clear borders, raised above the cornea.
- Question 2: Oral antihistamines are not used in treating allergic conjunctivitis.
- Question 2: Typical symptoms of keratitis include photophobia, lacrimation, blepharospasm, feeling of a foreign body behind the upper eyelid, and decreased visual acuity.
- Question 2: Inflammation of the choroid proper is called choroiditis.
- Question 2: The syndrome characterized by typical keratitis complaints with pericorneal injection is called keratitis.
- Question 3: A 5-year-old child presenting with fever, sore throat, redness, and discharge from the right eye, swollen eyelids, and conjunctiva (hyperemic, loosened, velvety). Gray films on the tonsils (with subsequent bleeding). Eye diagnosis is acute bacterial conjunctivitis of unknown etiology.
- Question 3: Nasolacrimal canal, anterior and posterior ethmoid openings connect the eye socket to the nasal cavity.
- **Question 3:**Spatium intercalenum, spatium antescalenum are spaces between the leaves of the neck fascia.
- Question 3: Maxillary sinus inflammation can cause trigeminal neuralgia.
Eye Examination and Procedures
- Question 1: Oculomotor device, ad block, lingual pharynx, front panel; recurrence and lingual and facial nerve damage can cause aphonia.
- Question 3: The violation in the technique of the trapezoid mastoid process operation that damages the facial nerve is when trepanation holes deviate to the front.
- Question 3: The membranes of the eyeball include connective tissue, fibrous, and vascular.
- Question 3: The orbital cavity communicates with the wing palatine fossa via lower orbital fissure.
- Question 3: The optic nerve enters the eye socket through the upper orbital fissure.
- Question 1: In cases of facial asymmetry and sagging corner of the mouth, the facial nerve may be affected.
Anesthesia and Patient Care
- Question 3: Endotracheal anesthesia with mechanical ventilation, intravenous anesthesia, and total intravenous anesthesia using ketamine.
- Question 3: Degree of mouth opening and airway patency is the anesthesiologist's primary concern when examining patients with phlegmon of the parapharyngeal region - a major consideration, alongside cardio-vascular and acid-base states.
- Question 2: Typical features of most ENT tumors include short durations, airway manipulation and low levels of traumaticity or irritation of reflexogenic zones.
- Question 3: Combined anesthesia may be recommended for ear procedures, offering benefits like reduced intraoperative blood loss, pain relief and monitoring of the facial nerve.
- Question 3: Mask or local anesthesia with premedication is not used for operations for diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses.
- Question 3: Premeditating ENT patients should improve reflex activity, create comfort, prevent nausea and vomiting, and reduce secretions.
- Question 3: Maintaining airway patency, pain management, and preventing intracranial complications and homeostasis disorders are major parameters during ENT surgery.
- Question 3: The basic requirements for anesthesia in outpatient ophthalmology include deep premedication, avoiding prolonged depression during awakening, and assuring adequate anesthesia.
- Question 1: Morphine should not be included in premedication for strabismus surgery, while atropine, anaprilon, and seduxenum are commonly considered.
- Question 2: Anesthetics such as Ketamine do not reduce intraocular pressure.
- Question 3: D-tubocurarine and pancuronium are the choice relaxants for glaucoma induction because they reduce intraocular pressure and provide a longer lasting effect compared to succinylcholine, which increases intraocular pressure.
- Question 3: Tracheotomy risks include sustained increased central venous pressure (CVP), perforation of the trachea, and asphyxia.
- Question 1: Focal length of a 1 diopter lens is 1 meter.
- Question 1: Refractive power of a lens with a 1-meter focal length is 1 Diopter.
Visual Acuity and Refraction
- Question 3: Visual acuity analysis with tables is performed at distances of 5 meters, with each sign present on the table needing to be demonstrated before 3 seconds in order for accuracy.
- Question 3: Visual acuity (acuity is tested for both eyes with correction using Rabkin's tables) can indicate various disorders when not correctly read, inborn or acquired, mixed, but cannot be determined from the given data, and therefore may indicate either an inborn or acquired disorder.
- Question 3: Patients with xanthopsia after poisoning are diagnosed with a color vision disorder.
- Question 2: Normal trichromasia, anomal trichromasia, dichromasia, and monochromasia are color perception names.
- Question 1: Protanomaly refers to an abnormal perception of red.
- Question 3: Innate or acquired may be responsible for the colour vision disorder of a patient who is able to correctly identify letters/numbers with one eye but not with the other. This may be determined, or may not be determined, from this particular data set.
- Question 1: Hemianopsia is both loss of half of the visual field, of which the visual field in one eye is missing; bilateral or pronounced unilateral narrowing of the visual field.
- Question 2: Binasal hemianopsia/quadrant/bitemporal/homonymous hemianopsia may occur if the portion of the chiasm is damaged.
- Question 1: Photopic vision is day vision; mesopic vision is twilight vision; scotopic vision is night vision.
- Question 3: Symptoms such as twilight vision disorder, as a symptom from eye disease of cone damage, or as a symptom of vitamin deficiencies, including beriberi A, are possible indicators if an individual experiences difficulty distinguishing colours or has peripheral vision issues.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts in ophthalmology, focusing on conditions such as pterygium, keratitis, and conjunctivitis. This quiz covers symptoms, treatments, and definitions relevant to eye health, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter.
