Questions and Answers
Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain?
Which branch of the ophthalmic artery supplies the retina?
Which nerve passes through the sup-orbital fissure to enter the orbit?
Which muscle is supplied by the superior division of the oculomotor nerve?
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What is the function of the ciliary muscle supplied by the motor root of the oculomotor nerve?
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Which branch of the ophthalmic artery supplies the nose?
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Which nerve supplies the lateral rectus muscle through its ocular surface?
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Through which fissure does the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve enter the orbit?
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What is the branch of the lacrimal nerve that supplies the skin of the upper eyelid?
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Which branch of the nasociliary nerve contains sympathetic fibers for the dilator pupillae?
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What is the origin of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?
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Where does the abducent nerve run in the cavernous sinus?
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Which nerve is responsible for the lateral rotation of the eyeball?
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Which artery is the most important branch of the ophthalmic artery?
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Through which structure does the ophthalmic artery enter the orbit?
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Which artery is responsible for the arterial supply to the retina?
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Which cranial nerve is responsible for the inferior rotation of the eyeball?
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Which branch of the ophthalmic artery supplies the lacrimal gland?
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Study Notes
Ophthalmic Artery
- Origin: Branch of the internal carotid artery
- Course and relations: Enters the orbit through the optic canal
- Branches:
- Central artery of the retina: most important branch, pierces the optic nerve and runs through it to reach the retina
- Lacrimal artery: to the lacrimal gland
- Muscular branches: to the orbital muscles
- Long and short posterior ciliary arteries: supply the eyeball
- Anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries: accompany the anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves
- Supraorbital: accompanies the corresponding nerve to the scalp
- Supratrochlear: one of the two terminal branches, accompanies the supratrochlear nerve
- Dorsal nasal: the other terminal branch, passes below the trochlea to supply the nose
Nerves of the Orbit
- Optic nerve:
- 1st cranial nerve
- Passes through the optic canal
- Nerve of vision
- Oculomotor nerve:
- Origin: midbrain
- Course: through the cavernous sinus
- Divides into superior and inferior divisions
- Distribution:
- Superior division: supplies superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris
- Inferior division: supplies medial rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique
- Motor root to the Ciliary ganglion: carries parasympathetic fibers to supply ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae muscle
- Trochlear nerve:
- Origin: midbrain
- Course: through the cavernous sinus and sup orbital fissure
- Distribution: supplies the superior oblique muscle
- Abducent nerve:
- Origin: pons
- Course: through the cavernous sinus and superior orbital fissure
- Distribution: supplies the lateral rectus muscle
- Ophthalmic division of trigeminal:
- Origin: from the convex anterior margin of the trigeminal ganglion
- Course: through the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus
- Divides into three branches: frontal, lacrimal, and nasociliary
- Distribution: supplies the orbit through the superior orbital fissure
Ophthalmic Division of Trigeminal
- Frontal nerve:
- Branches: supratrochlear and supraorbital
- Lacrimal nerve:
- Branches: glandular, palpebral, and nasociliary
- Nasociliary nerve:
- Branches: communicating, long ciliary, posterior ethmoidal, infratrochlear, and anterior ethmoidal
Extra-ocular Muscles
- Actions:
- Superior rectus: elevation and intorsion
- Inferior rectus: depression and extorsion
- Lateral rectus: abduction
- Medial rectus: adduction
- Superior oblique: intorsion and depression
- Inferior oblique: extorsion and elevation
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Description
This quiz covers the branches of the ophthalmic artery, including the dorsal nasal artery, supratrochlear artery, and others. It's essential for understanding the anatomy of the eye and surrounding structures.
