8.4 ALL WEATHER OPERATIONS

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Questions and Answers

What is the Alert Height in relation to a Category III approach?

Height above which the aircraft needs special clearance

Height below which a landing is not permitted

Height above the runway where a missed approach is required (correct)

Height above ground for initiating a missed approach

What is defined as the specified altitude/height in a non-precision approach below which descent may not be made without visual reference?

Obstacle Clearance Limit (OCL)

Minimum Descent Altitude/Height (MDA/H) (correct)

Missed Approach Point (MAPt)

Obstacle Clearance Altitude/Height (OCA/H)

What characterizes a Category II (CAT II) operation?

Decision height below 200 ft but not lower than 100 ft (correct)

Decision height lower than 50 ft

Decision height not lower than 200 ft

RVR not less than 550 m

What is the RVR requirement for Category III A (CAT III A) operations?

Not less than 200 m Signup and view all the answers

In the context of an approach procedure, what must be initiated to ensure minimum obstacle clearance?

Missed Approach Point (MAPt) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following defines a Circling Approach?

A visual phase of an instrument approach for non-direct runway landings Signup and view all the answers

What encompasses the use of precision azimuth and glide path guidance in an instrument approach?

Precision Approach and Landing Operation Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding Category III B (CAT III B) operation?

It can have a decision height below 50 ft or no decision height Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by Required Visual Reference during an approach?

Visual aids specified for the type of approach being conducted Signup and view all the answers

What does the term Low Visibility Operations (LVO) specifically refer to?

Take-offs with an RVR below 400 m and certain CAT II and CAT III approaches Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor in determining the category of an operation?

Decision height and runway visual range Signup and view all the answers

In CAT II operations, what is the minimum RVR requirement?

Not less than 300 m Signup and view all the answers

What is the Obstacle Clearance Altitude/Height (OCA/H)?

The lowest altitude above the relevant runway threshold for obstacle compliance Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum Runway Visual Range (RVR) required for conducting a visual approach?

800 metres Signup and view all the answers

How is the cloud base defined?

The lowest reported cloud level Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a Non-Precision Approach and Landing Operation?

Does not utilize electronic glide path guidance Signup and view all the answers

What technique does AEROTRANSCARGO use for Non-Precision Approaches?

Constant Descent Final Approach (CDFA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Obstacle Clearance Limit (OCL)?

To identify the height below which minimum vertical clearance cannot be maintained Signup and view all the answers

What additional height is added to all chart minima for Non-Precision Approaches by AEROTRANSCARGO?

50 feet Signup and view all the answers

What is the required visual reference for descent below the Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) during a non-precision approach?

Paragraph 8.1.3.2.3.3 Signup and view all the answers

How are operating minima for CAT I approaches determined?

In accordance with specific paragraphs Signup and view all the answers

Which approaches allow for the use of chart minima without adding additional height as per AEROTRANSCARGO policy?

ILS and Circling Approaches Signup and view all the answers

What does RVR stand for in aviation terminology?

Runway Visual Range Signup and view all the answers

What is prohibited during a visual approach if the RVR is below the minimum requirement?

Commencement of landing Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the LVO Approach briefing that differs from a standard IFR arrival briefing?

Review of task sharing Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus during the LVO Approach briefing?

Passenger communication strategies Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of using landing lights at night in low visibility?

Reduced visibility due to reflection Signup and view all the answers

What primary task does the Pilot Flying (PF) have during the approach?

Manage the approach Signup and view all the answers

At what point does the Commander assess the visual references during an approach with a Decision Height (DH)?

When they are in the decision zone at DH Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure should be reviewed during the LVO Approach briefing?

Approach procedure Signup and view all the answers

What could significantly affect the visual segment while landing?

The pilot's seat position being too low Signup and view all the answers

What should the Pilot Not Flying (PNF) primarily monitor during an approach?

Performance of the aircraft’s systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of consecutive lights required for a pilot to continue an approach in Category IIIA operations?

3 consecutive lights Signup and view all the answers

For Category IIIB operations with fail-operational flight control systems, what must a pilot maintain visibility of to continue an approach?

At least one centreline light Signup and view all the answers

What is the visibility requirement for using aerodromes for LVOs?

Below 800 m with established low visibility procedures Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT required for Category III operations with no decision height?

Visual contact with the runway prior to touchdown Signup and view all the answers

What equipment is primarily used to measure runway visual range (RVR)?

Calibrated transmissometers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions must be met for an aerodrome to be utilized for LVOs below a visibility of 800 m?

Equivalent procedures to low visibility procedures need to be established Signup and view all the answers

In Category IIIA operations, which of the following lights could satisfy the required visual reference?

Runway edge lights Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can a pilot not continue an approach in Category IIIB operations?

If they do not have visual reference to at least one centreline light Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

All Weather Operations Overview

Alert Height: Above this height on approach, a Category III operation must abort if an aircraft failure occurs.
Categories of Operations:
- Category I (CAT I): Decision height ≥ 200 ft with RVR ≥ 550 m.
- Category II (CAT II): Decision height 100-200 ft and RVR ≥ 300 m.
- Category III (CAT III):
 - CAT III A: Decision height < 100 ft and RVR ≥ 200 m.
 - CAT III B: Decision height < 50 ft or none, RVR between 75 m and 200 m.
Non-Precision Approach: Any approach that does not use electronic glide path guidance.

Terminology Key Points

Low Visibility Operations (LVO): Media term for operations at RVR < 400 m.
Minimum Descent Altitude/Height (MDA/H): Lowest altitude for visual reference in non-precision or circling approaches.
Missed Approach Point (MAPt): Point in an approach where missed approach must begin for safe obstacle clearance.

Operating Minima

Non-Precision Approaches: AEROTRANSCARGO applies CDFA technique and adds 50 ft to all minima except for ILS and Circling approaches.
CAT I Approaches: Minima determined per specific operational paragraph guidelines.

Required Visual References

Visual references are crucial for descending safely during approaches:
- For non-precision approaches: Follow designated reference guidelines.
- For CAT I approaches: Specific visual references must be maintained below Decision Altitude (DA).

Aerodrome Requirements for LVO

Use of an aerodrome for LVO below 800 m visibility requires State approval and established Low Visibility Procedures (LVP).

Runway Visual Range (RVR) Requirements

RVR is measured using calibrated transmissometers considering environmental effects; operations should not commence without clearance.

LVO Approach Briefing Essentials

Must include weather assessment, aircraft systems review, task distribution, and procedure for potential downgrading scenarios.
Emphasize optimal seat position and autopilot settings for safety.

Use of Aircraft Lights

In low visibility, landing lights may reduce visual references; their use is discouraged during CAT II and CAT III conditions.

Aircraft Operating Procedures

Pilot Flying (PF) focuses on managing approaches; Pilot Not Flying (PNF) monitors systems and advises on abnormalities.
Detailed standard operating procedures, including coordinated calls and techniques, are referenced in Operations Manual Part B.

Acquisition of Visual References

Decision Height (DH) indicates the limit where visual references are evaluated; preparedness for a go-around must be maintained without bias prior to reaching DH.

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Description

Explore the critical aspects of Chapter 8 from the Operations Manual Part A, focusing on All Weather Operations. This section outlines key terminology and procedures essential for safe flight operations under various weather conditions. Gain a deeper understanding of alert heights and other operational details.