Operations Management

Operations in Manufacturing

• Loading is composed of picking up a part, placing part in jig, and closing jig
• Operations can be categorized by function into:
  • Materials handling and transporting (change in position of the product)
  • Processing (change in volume and quality, including assembly and disassembly)
  • Packaging (special processing, may be temporary or permanent for shipping)
  • Inspecting and testing (comparison to the standard or check of process behavior)
  • Storing (time lapses without further operations)

Manufacturing and Production Systems

• Manufacturing processes change the value and quality of materials
• Defective processes produce poor quality or scrap
• Operations performed by machines that do material processing usually add value
• Treatments operate continuously on the workpiece, altering or modifying the product-in-process without tool contact

Design, Materials, and Processes

• The elements of design, materials, and processes are closely related, each affecting the performance of the device and the other elements
• The choice of materials and processes can significantly impact cost

Changing World Competition

• Three major changes in the world of goods manufacturing have taken place:
  • Worldwide competition for global products and their manufacture
  • High-tech manufacturing or advanced technology
  • Efforts to improve the methodology of goods production

Manufacturing System Designs

• Five manufacturing system designs can be identified:
  • Job shop (characterized by large varieties of components, general-purpose machines, and a functional layout)
  • Flow shop
  • Linked-cell shop
  • Project shop
  • Continuous process (primarily deals with liquids and/or gases)