Operations Management and R&D
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of supplier-dominated firms?

  • They are capable of producing high volumes at low cost.
  • They purchase technologies in the form of products and match these to customer needs. (correct)
  • They have a strong R&D department.
  • They are usually found in high-growth industries.

Which type of firms are typically found in the high-growth industries of the twentieth century?

  • Housebuilding firms
  • Supplier-dominated firms
  • Science-based firms (correct)
  • Scale-intensive firms

What is a strength of supplier-dominated firms?

  • Their ability to manipulate science and technology.
  • Their ability to offer a product with a reliable service. (correct)
  • Their ability to produce high volumes at low cost.
  • Their capabilities in engineering, design, and manufacturing.

What is the foundation for the growth and success of science-based firms?

<p>The manipulation of science and technology. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of scale-intensive firms?

<p>They are capable of producing high volumes at low cost. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of firms tend to be large and include corporations such as Bayer and Sony?

<p>Science-based firms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is at the heart of scale-intensive firms?

<p>Process technologies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is it possible for a firm to belong to more than one category?

<p>Yes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main benefit of ERP systems?

<p>Reduction of data collection and processing duplication efforts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can help sustain innovation in an organisation?

<p>Established management principles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the business software that has become one of the most successful products in the world?

<p>Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of ERP systems on business processes?

<p>Efficiency and effectiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge faced by organisations that innovate successfully?

<p>Sustaining innovation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ERP systems in innovation?

<p>To hinder innovation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the integration of business functions by ERP systems?

<p>Reduction of duplication efforts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle of ERP systems?

<p>Standardisation and integration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the flow of information into a firm?

<p>Extensive external linkages (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is patience important for innovative firms?

<p>It allows ideas to germinate and develop (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is likely to happen in a company that frequently changes its investment in technology development?

<p>Discouragement of creativity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is almost obvious regarding firms investing in R&D?

<p>Increase in total innovative output (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines an incremental innovation?

<p>Building upon existing component and architectural knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does accepting risks involve?

<p>Considering risky opportunities carefully (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of innovation leaves architectural knowledge unchanged?

<p>Modular innovation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a barrier to innovation within an organizational structure?

<p>Interdepartmental conflict (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does architectural innovation have?

<p>Great impact upon the linkage of components (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can innovative firms attract good scientists?

<p>By demonstrating a long-term commitment to resources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the vertical axis in Figure 4.4 classify?

<p>Project style (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen to creative people in a company with a disruptive environment?

<p>Search for a more suitable company (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is captured by the horizontal axis in Figure 4.4?

<p>Technological uncertainty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the traditional distinction within innovation management differentiate?

<p>Research projects and development projects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one focus of project management models in the new product development literature?

<p>Explicitly focusing on the new product development process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Figure 4.3 illustrate?

<p>Matrix of complexity of architectural/component knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most obvious way forward for balancing production and development?

<p>Separating production from research and development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'exploitation' focus on in an organization?

<p>Efficiency and variance reduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'exploration' in the context of an organization's strategy?

<p>Search, discovery, and autonomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ambidexterity in a business context?

<p>Doing both exploitation and exploration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are dynamic capabilities in a business?

<p>The ability to be ambidextrous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does incremental innovation affect an organization?

<p>It reinforces established capabilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge does radical innovation pose to organizations?

<p>Encountering new problems requiring new skills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential constraint on innovation as an organization learns and increases efficiency?

<p>Shifting to simply meeting existing customer needs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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