Questions and Answers
What is an Operating System (OS)?
What is batch processing?
A method where computers automatically process batches of tasks without manual input.
Peripherals are part of the central processing unit (CPU).
False
What is a device driver?
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What does I/O stand for?
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What was the Atlas Supervisor?
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What is the challenge with multiple programs running simultaneously?
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What is Virtual Memory?
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What is dynamic memory allocation?
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What is Memory Protection?
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What is Time-sharing?
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Who conceived the Unix operating system?
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What is the kernel?
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What is kernel panic?
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What is MS-DOS?
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The blue screen of death is an error condition in which a PC 'freezes.'
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Study Notes
Operating System (OS)
- System software that acts as an intermediary between users or application programs and computer hardware.
Batch Processing
- Automates the execution of a series of programs by loading them in batches instead of manual intervention between each.
Peripherals
- Devices not part of the central processing unit (CPU) including input devices, output devices, and secondary storage devices.
Device Driver
- A software program that provides critical instructions enabling communication between the computer and external devices like scanners.
I/O
- Represents input and output operations essential for data processing within an operating system.
Atlas Supervisor
- Program that managed resource allocation for Manchester University's Super Computer, enabling concurrent processing of multiple tasks and user programs.
Memory Allocation Challenge
- Each program requires its own memory block to maintain data integrity during multitasking, preventing data loss when switching between programs.
Virtual Memory
- Utilizes hard disk space to mimic the functionality of random access memory (RAM), allowing more applications to run concurrently.
Dynamic Memory Allocation
- Memory is allocated during the execution of a program, providing flexibility in resource usage.
Memory Protection
- Mechanism that ensures one process does not compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of another process's data.
Time-Sharing
- System in which multiple users can access a computer simultaneously, each utilizing a small fraction of the resources like processor time and memory.
Unix
- An operating system developed in 1969 by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie at AT&T's Bell Labs, known for its multitasking and multi-user capabilities.
Kernel
- Core component of the Unix operating system responsible for fundamental functions such as memory management, multitasking, and input/output operations.
Kernel Panic
- A critical error in Linux or OS X that prevents the system from recovering, akin to a blue screen of death in Windows systems.
MS-DOS
- Microsoft's Disk Operating System, which was compact at just 160 kilobytes, capable of fitting onto a single disk, but lacked features like multitasking and memory protection.
Blue Screen of Death
- Error state on PCs where the system freezes, historically presented as a blue screen resulting in a mandatory restart to resolve the issue.
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Description
Test your knowledge on operating systems with these flashcards from Crash Course Computer Science Episode 18. Cover essential terms and definitions that illustrate how operating systems interact with hardware and manage processes. Perfect for students seeking to strengthen their understanding of this critical software component.
