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Questions and Answers
What is an operating system?
A program that controls the hardware directly.
Which of the following are examples of operating systems? (Select all that apply)
What does POST stand for?
Power On Self Test
Match the following features to their descriptions:
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Single user multitasking allows multiple users to run programs simultaneously.
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What is the purpose of the taskbar?
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The __________ allows several users to access the same data simultaneously.
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What does the maximize button do?
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Shutting down the computer saves settings and prevents file corruption.
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Study Notes
Operating Systems
- An operating system (OS) directly controls hardware.
- Popular OS examples: Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows 10, UNIX, Linux, Mac OS.
- OS performs tasks like managing system security, resources, data transfer to/from peripherals, and providing an interface for applications to communicate with hardware.
Single User Multitasking
- Allows running multiple programs simultaneously.
- Example: Chatting on Skype, downloading a movie, and preparing questions for students, all at the same time.
Multi User Multitasking
- Enables multiple users to access the same data simultaneously.
- Often used on large computers like those found in hospitals or educational institutions.
- Example: Accessing lab work from a server on multiple computers.
- Other examples include web servers, email systems, chat rooms, and newsgroups.
POST (Power On Self Test)
- The process of booting the computer to start Windows in either UEFI or BIOS mode.
- UEFI and BIOS are different types of firmware interfaces that are small software programs embedded in a computer's non-volatile memory.
General Features of Windows GUI (Graphical User Interface)
- Windows, Macintosh OS, and mobile devices use GUIs for user interaction with the OS.
- Components of a desktop display:
- Icons
- Shortcuts
- Taskbar
- Notification and system tray
- Desktop appearance settings
Icons
- Small pictures representing applications, folders, and files.
- The Recycle Bin is the most noticeable icon on the desktop.
Shortcuts
- Pointers to actual applications, folders, or files.
- Contain the path to the executable file for the application, folder, or file.
Taskbar
- Access the Start menu by clicking the Start button or pressing the Windows key.
- Use the Windows key + X to access the Mini Utility Quick Access menu.
Notification and System Tray
- Located in the lower right corner of the screen.
- Displays notifications and system icons.
Desktop Appearance
- Customizable settings include:
- Lock screen
- Start screen
- Taskbar auto-hide settings and location
Managing Desktop Icons
- Can be rearranged, resized, and hidden.
Managing Windows
- Maximize, minimize, restore, close windows.
Controlling Window Size and Placement
- Maximize button: Expands the window to fill the entire screen.
- Minimize button: Places the icon for the application on the taskbar.
- Restore button: Returns the window to its previous size before being maximized.
Folder and File Management
- Creating files and folders.
- Viewing files and folders.
- Copying files and folders.
- Moving files and folders.
- Deleting files and folders.
- Storing files and folders on drives.
- Compressing files and folders.
- Sharing files and folders.
Error Checking
- Utility that checks the file system for errors and bad sectors on the disk.
- Important for maintaining data integrity after frequent saving and deleting.
Switching Users, Signing Out
- Shut down the system before turning off the computer to save current settings and prevent file corruption.
- Use Windows key + L to lock the computer.
- Windows information is found on pages 130-192 of the book “Introduction to Computers for Healthcare Professionals by Jones & Bartlett Learning (2020)”.
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Description
This quiz covers the key concepts of operating systems, including their direct control over hardware and multitasking capabilities for single and multiple users. It also explores the booting process via POST, UEFI, and BIOS modes. Test your understanding of how operating systems manage resources and facilitate user activities.
